To return to my theme, as in contemporary politics, there are crucial divides among good people about how we understand, and respond to, the politics of sex across lines of status and power. This has been brought into sharp relief in higher education recently, as Title IX (a federal law that regulates gender equity in schools that rely on federal funding, which is almost all of them) has merged incompletely, and confusingly for some, with sexual harassment law (civil codes that define and punish unwanted sexual advances in the workplace) and felony sexual assault on campus.
Other than creating a new kind of job (the Title IX coordinator, whose task is to locate and remediate gender discrimination) this new use of Title IX has had two major implications for adjudicating sexual conflict on campus. The first is that a variety of actions associated with sexual violence and harassment (groping, coercion, verbal abuse, flirting, shunning and stalking, to name a few) are now understood to induce diminished self-confidence, depression, and anxiety — even in the absence of rape. As importantly, these psychological states are now recognized as barriers to accessing the educational resources of the university.