Trade In Value Added: Declining U.S.-Produced Content in U.S. Imports from NAFTA
https://www.commerce.gov/sites/commerce.gov/files/us-produced-value-in-us-imports-from-nafta.pdf
" The non-NAFTA share of the value of U.S. motor vehicle imports from Mexico more than doubled over this period, growing from 13 percent in 1995 to over 29 percent in 2011. This increase is largely due to increased East Asian, particularly Chinese, value embodied in imports from Mexico, but also reflects
increased value from the EU-28 and Rest of World.
The story of the sources of value-added in U.S. imports of motor vehicles from Canada is similar to that of Mexico: a decline in the NAFTA share of the value-added of those imports and an increase in the non NAFTA value-added (Table 6). However, the increase in non-NAFTA share was spread more evenly between non-NAFTA countries than was seen with Mexico. "
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" Opportunities for Chinese steel manufacturers in Mexico have been expanding because of strong demand for steel in the Mexican automotive sector. Companies such as Honda, GM, Nissan and Ford all operate plants in Mexico
whose output is largely exported to the United States.
For Chinese exporters of steel and other industrial inputs, Mexico has become a natural opportunity because of its proximity to the United States, says Myers, and the fact that Mexico’s transportation networks and industrial supply chains are closely integrated into those of the U.S. and Canada, the other members of NAFTA.
“In a way, China is a part of NAFTA because China contributes a lot to the goods that wind up” in the United States and Canada, says Myers."
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" In particular, the data indicate
impressive growth over the last two years in all of the five value-added sectors (led by a 42 per cent two-year compound expansion in other transport equipment, mostly aerospace). This expansion has offset much of the decline in primary exports.
By mid-2015, value-added exports surpassed primary exports as the largest component of Canada's exports see figure). By the end of the year, those five sectors were accounting for around half of all exports, compared to just over one-third in early 2014. "