Its much different today in terms of the power of software, hardware and the internet. Let me give you just one example. I sell communications equipment to ISPs, carriers, utilities, etc. We handle about 300 lines. It is not an exaggeration to say that every single company and product is focused on lower costs both in CAPEX up front costs (lower prices for the gear or service) and lower OPEX over the life of the network. Where it used to take five engineers to run a large network, you can get by with two. Where it took 30 truck rolls to fix a problem, it can be done remotely and monitored via the cloud. Now you might say that the companies providing these products and services employ people to create and design these time saving solutions, that is very true. But one guy writing one line of code can displace thousands upon thousands of jobs.
When AI becomes reality, it will really be hard to compete with it. When we focus on trade deficits in manufacturing we are missing the true culprit, automation and software. Remember secretary pools? Gone. Hell, you don't even need a receptionist anymore, just sign in and the door is opened by your customer. And then we allow mergers, that really destroys jobs.