Yes, it does. It argues that no god(s) exist, for example.
Belief in gods or no gods results from a circular argument; That's the very definition of belief.
No, they are not. They are beliefs.
True. It is a belief (beliefs are not arguments in and of themselves). Beliefs are acceptance of circular arguments as trues.
It is a belief. Beliefs are acceptance of circular arguments as trues.
Fear, in and of itself, is not an argument. However, kids do form arguments concerning the existence of those monsters as a result of their fear. Those kids even tend to argue rather logically about it, as opposed to their parents who, surprisingly enough, typically don't.
Inversion Fallacy. YOU don't have an idea... An argument consists of (a) predicate(s) and a conclusion which follows from it/them.
Belief, by definition, involves the acceptance of an argument as a true. You deny the very definition of belief.
The 2nd part is wrong. An argument is needed before one can circularly accept/reject it as a true. Then, other arguments can be posited from that now-formed belief.
Actually, it seems that you have done so...