"There is a wide consensus that the racial categories that are common in everyday usage are socially constructed, and that racial groups cannot be biologically defined.[20][21][22][23][24][25]....Nonetheless, some scholars argue that racial categories obviously correlate with biological traits (e.g. phenotype) to some degree, and that certain genetic markers have varying frequencies among human populations, some of which correspond more or less to traditional racial groupings. For this reason, there is no current consensus about whether racial categories can be considered to have significance for understanding human genetic variation.[26]
When people define and talk about a particular conception of race, they create a social reality through which social categorization is achieved.[27] In this sense, races are said to be social constructs.[28] These constructs develop within various legal, economic, and sociopolitical contexts, and may be the effect, rather than the cause, of major social situations.[29] While race is understood to be a social construct by many, most scholars agree that race has real material effects in the lives of people through institutionalized practices of preference and discrimination.
20 Marks, Jonathan (2003). What it means to be 98% chimpanzee apes, people, and their genes. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 9780520930766.
21 Templeton, A. R. (1998). "Human Races: A Genetic and Evolutionary Perspective". American Anthropologist 100 (3): 632–650. doi:10.1525/aa.1998.100.3.632.
22 Williams, S. M.; Templeton, A. R. (2003). "Race and Genomics". New England Journal of Medicine 348 (25): 2581–2582. doi:10.1056/nejm200306193482521.
23 Templeton, A. R. "The genetic and evolutionary significance of human races". In: Race and Intelligence: Separating Science From Myth. J. M. Fish, ed. Pp. 31-56. Mahwah, New Jersey, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2002.
24 American; Anthropological, Physical. "Statement on Biological Aspects of Race". American Journal Physical Anthropology 569: 1996.
25 Steve Olson, Mapping Human History: Discovering the Past Through Our Genes, Boston, 2002
26 Bamshad, M.; Wooding, S.; Salisbury, B. A.; Stephens, J. C. (2004). "Deconstructing the relationship between genetics and race". Nature Reviews Genetics 5 (8): 598–609. doi:10.1038/nrg1401. PMID 15266342."
as cited by Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Race_(human_classification)