I disagree. Gender is the expression of sex.
Except it clearly isn't.
E.g.
katoey in Thailand have a gender identity of female, that does not correspond to their biological sex (male).
Just the fact that you need to try and construct an argument here shows that gender and sex are not the same thing, and do not directly correspond.
Intersex does not constitute a third sex. They represent a disability. If they aren't steril they couldn't perform a capacity in reproduction other than male or female because no other capacity exists.
Yeah, that's not what intersex means, and intersex individuals aren't always sterile.
Race most certainly is based on genes. Skin color is a secondary characteristic of race. There are other characteristics that determine race.
Again.... Race actually has very little to do with genetics.
Well those aren't ethnicities and they certainly aren't races. They are nationalities. If you are born and dwell in Ireland Scotland Wels ect. that is how you are determined to be Scottish Irish, or Welsh. You can be all of those things and be black or oriental. And your ethnicity is heavily influenced by the culture you grew up in.
They
are ethnicities as well as nationalities; and at various times, those types of groupings
were treated exactly the same way as race. E.g. people have all sorts of myths and assumptions about the Irish, many of which were and are extremely negative. It is also assumed that these qualities were inherent, when they are purely cultural.
However, you are essentially supporting my point -- that these types of perceptions are cultural. This includes gender roles, which as mentioned by other posters, vary greatly from one society to the next, and aren't always directly based on biological characteristics.
Africa is home to multiple races of people. Africa is also a continent like south America or Asia. So there isn't a common phenotype. There are oriental, white, black and various other blends of races that live in Africa.
Oookay....
"Oriental" is an outdated term.
I'm not referring to whites or Asians who
happen to live in Africa. I'm referring to people whose recent ancestry (3-10 generations) is in sub-Saharan Africa. Or, what we colloquially refer to as "black."
In case you missed it, most Americans don't talk about Yoruba and Akan and Hutu and Xhosa and other tribal units when discussing race. They talk about "blacks," and proclaim that "all blacks are X," which doesn't match the genetic reality that sub-Saharan Africans have significantly greater genetic diversity than, for example, those of French or Japanese or native Peruvian ancestry.
I disagree. There are biological differences. It's how you can tell someone is a cross dresser. The male sex produces more testosterone so they normally appear larger. There are plenty of examples like that. Interests and hobbies have nothing to do with gender. Culture may say that you have to be either this gender or that one to participate in society this way or that, but that has nothing to do with gender. That is a socially acceptable role based on gender.
Oookay....
Biological men generally produce more testosterone than women. However, it is not the case that people become transsexuals because of hormonal imbalances. In fact, many transgender individuals take hormone supplements to better match their preferred gender.
However, just because you may notice that a certain woman has an adam's apple, or a man is lacking one, doesn't prove that "gender is based on sex." If anything, it proves the opposite, since those individuals' gender is
not a match for their sex.
Further, from the perspective of gender, there are other options. At a minimum, people can be male, female, intersex, and androgynous. Since people can swap some of those gender roles, and construct others, I see little reason to insist that "gender
must be based on sex."
I accept transgender people. Non-binary is not transgender and is say it's imaginary.
Oookay....
Different individuals have vastly different opinions on this. However, saying that "non-binary gender is imaginary" indicates that you don't get the point of a non-binary mindset. It doesn't matter if it is invented out of whole cloth, because
gender is a social construct.
If someone wants to be androgynous, and not exhibit characteristics of any particular gender... who cares? It's their business, not yours.