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Anarchist FAQ

NGNM85

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ANARCHISM
noun \ˈa-nər-ˌki-zəm, -ˌnär-\
1: a political theory holding all forms of governmental authority to be unnecessary and undesirable and advocating a society based on voluntary cooperation and free association of individuals and groups
2: the advocacy or practice of anarchistic principles
Anarchism - Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary

The Anarchist FAQ;
An Anarchist FAQ | Anarchist news and information

Anarchism, by Peter Kroptkin,
Encyclopedia Britannica, 1910;
Britannica: Anarchism

Anarchism: What it Really Stands For, Emma Goldman;
Anarchism and Other Essays: Anarchism: What It Really Stands For

Noam Chomsky, interview; Notes on Anarchism;
'Notes on Anarchism' by Noam Chomsky
 
What's your point?

Well, I have a number of points, on a number of different issues. US Socialist created his 'Communist FAQ' thread, yesterday, which has received a certain amount of attention and lively discussion, and I thought I'd do likewise, especially seeing as Anarchism is so often misunderstood.
 
Interesting. I''l read though it when I have some time. I do have a question though and this is one of the reasons I'm not an anarchist, but how do anarchists prevent their communities from being destroyed like the one in Spain was by the Fascists? That is why I think a certain amount of stateism is needed to help defend the gains of the revolution from the inevitable capitalist counter-revolution.
 
Interesting. I''l read though it when I have some time. I do have a question though and this is one of the reasons I'm not an anarchist, but how do anarchists prevent their communities from being destroyed like the one in Spain was by the Fascists? That is why I think a certain amount of stateism is needed to help defend the gains of the revolution from the inevitable capitalist counter-revolution.

As to the question of the viability of 'Socialism in one country', I cannot definitively say, either way, the outcome would depend on a multitude of factors. However, and this is a point of divergence, here, I don't see any reason to reject the possibility, outright.

One proposed suggestion is through guerilla campaigns, organized in a decentralized manner. Section 1.5.14 of the FAQ deals with this, however, there is a greater range of opinion on this subject.

I think of 'revolution' in a slightly different way. I think the way radicals generally approach it tends to be very literal, simplistic, and crude, at worst, degenerating into antisocial, nihilistic revenge fantasies. Strategy is determined by the 'facts on the ground.' The circumstances in China or North Korea are fundamentally different from the circumstances in the United States, or Norway. The constant is the principles. I envision it as a more lengthy process, of challenging and altering or dismantling institutions, and replacing them with new ones, as opposed to this concept of one massive outbreak of violence, with the overthrow of the existing system, then creating what is supposed to follow it from the ashes. Ultimately; revolutionary violence may be inevitable, but we're not even close to the point where we have to make that decision.
 
As to the question of the viability of 'Socialism in one country', I cannot definitively say, either way, the outcome would depend on a multitude of factors. However, and this is a point of divergence, here, I don't see any reason to reject the possibility, outright.

One proposed suggestion is through guerilla campaigns, organized in a decentralized manner. Section 1.5.14 of the FAQ deals with this, however, there is a greater range of opinion on this subject.

I think of 'revolution' in a slightly different way. I think the way radicals generally approach it tends to be very literal, simplistic, and crude, at worst, degenerating into antisocial, nihilistic revenge fantasies. Strategy is determined by the 'facts on the ground.' The circumstances in China or North Korea are fundamentally different from the circumstances in the United States, or Norway. The constant is the principles. I envision it as a more lengthy process, of challenging and altering or dismantling institutions, and replacing them with new ones, as opposed to this concept of one massive outbreak of violence, with the overthrow of the existing system, then creating what is supposed to follow it from the ashes. Ultimately; revolutionary violence may be inevitable, but we're not even close to the point where we have to make that decision.

Thank you for the answer. I'm looking forward to talking to you more and learning more about anarchism. As to the question of "Socialism in one country" I agree with Trotsky that the failure of the Stalinist USSR answered that rather well.
 
I believe Anarchism can only be achieved on a "small scale" and not a large scale....
 
Thank you for the answer. I'm looking forward to talking to you more and learning more about anarchism.

You're welcome.

As to the question of "Socialism in one country" I agree with Trotsky that the failure of the Stalinist USSR answered that rather well.

I'm not really moved by that. I would say that the problems in the USSR begin way before Stalin, that the issue was, what, I think, are bogus ideas on the part of Lenin and the Bolsheviks.
 
I believe Anarchism can only be achieved on a "small scale" and not a large scale....
My biggest problem is I'm not sure if it can organize well enough to lead the working class to overthrow capitalism. That is why I think so form of a Vanguard is needed.
 
How exactly does your anarchist society handle large scale infrastructure?
1) Trains. Without centralized authority, how due you keep a schedule?
2). Frequency spectrum management. How do you keep people from jamming each other by broadcasting on the same frequency?
3) Large scale construction, ie bridges, canals and dams. How do you concentrate the massive amount of resources needed in one place?
4) Utilities like gas, water, power, telephone lines ect.
 
How exactly does your anarchist society handle large scale infrastructure?
1) Trains. Without centralized authority, how due you keep a schedule?
2). Frequency spectrum management. How do you keep people from jamming each other by broadcasting on the same frequency?
3) Large scale construction, ie bridges, canals and dams. How do you concentrate the massive amount of resources needed in one place?
4) Utilities like gas, water, power, telephone lines ect.



There you go, interfering with a perfectly good theory by bringing up reality... :lol:
 
How exactly does your anarchist society handle large scale infrastructure?
1) Trains. Without centralized authority, how due you keep a schedule?
2). Frequency spectrum management. How do you keep people from jamming each other by broadcasting on the same frequency?
3) Large scale construction, ie bridges, canals and dams. How do you concentrate the massive amount of resources needed in one place?
4) Utilities like gas, water, power, telephone lines ect.

I think the sucesses in revolutionary Spain, especially in places like Catalonia, disproves, or, at the very least, casts serious doubt on this presumption that Anarchism is fundamentally incompatible with a modern, sophisticated society, which seems to be your fundamental, overarching thesis. I don't see why one requires a monolithic, bureaucratic, centralized, power structure, the fetishization of objects and institutions, a sense of cultural identity and a national mythology, etc., in order to operate a public transit system or a sewage system. In actuality, the actual functioning of these industries would likely be very nearly identical, in many respects, with the exception being that they would be publicly owned, and, very likely, considerably more efficient.

EDIT-

Also, one must keep in mind, the burden of proof, in this case, is on you. Authority is never inherently justified, it must be subject to a heavy burden of proof as to it's legitimacy.
 
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I think the sucesses in revolutionary Spain, especially in places like Catalonia, disproves, or, at the very least, casts serious doubt on this presumption that Anarchism is fundamentally incompatible with a modern, sophisticated society, which seems to be your fundamental, overarching thesis.

The anarchists is Spain did operate factories for very short period of time. However, collectivizing factories is far cry from building them. In addition, plenty of coercive behavior was used and a power structure was already beginning to form.

I don't see why one requires a monolithic, bureaucratic, centralized, power structure, the fetishization of objects and institutions, a sense of cultural identity and a national mythology, etc., in order to operate a public transit system or a sewage system. In actuality, the actual functioning of these industries would likely be very nearly identical, in many respects, with the exception being that they would be publicly owned, and, very likely, considerably more efficient.

That is because you don't understand the complexity of modern industry. You are so used to the market economy that you have no real concept of what would happen if it stopped functioning. Every raw material of every item you aren't even aware exists would have to accounted for, manufactured into a finished good and distributed. The computer you type on was made with 30 raw materials, manufactured in a dozen parts, using tools than each required a dozen raw materials of their own and so forth. Hundreds of people labored in the total production process of that computer, in dozens of different geographic locations.

Also, one must keep in mind, the burden of proof, in this case, is on you. Authority is never inherently justified, it must be subject to a heavy burden of proof as to it's legitimacy.

Actually the burden of proof is on you. We have a functioning industrial society that more or less works today, built on the coercive authority of the state. If we are going to change a working system, it is up to you to provide some proof your new model will be an acceptable replacement.
 
The problem with anarchism is that, much like communism, it doesn't account for human nature, and because of that it will only ever work on paper or with small groups. It can't work on a national level.
 
The anarchists is Spain did operate factories for very short period of time.

For a few years.

However, collectivizing factories is far cry from building them. In addition, plenty of coercive behavior was used and a power structure was already beginning to form.

Well, there are really two different questions, here; the merit of the Spanish Anarchist collectives, and, more broadly, whether or not Anarchism is fundamentally incompatible with human nature. These are two distinct questions that are largely independent of eachother. For the purposes of this conversation; I'd rather focus on the latter, as I think it is the most pertinent. However, I will say that the Spanish expiriment represents an instructive example, and, at the very least, calls into question this belief that Anarchism is somehow incompatible with modern, technological society. (In fact; this is how Anarchists have almost exclusively conceived of it.)

That is because you don't understand the complexity of modern industry.

This isn't an argument.

You are so used to the market economy that you have no real concept of what would happen if it stopped functioning.

I'm not suggesting that goods should no longer be created, or services should no longer be performed. I'm making a suggesttion about how production and services should be organized.

Every raw material of every item you aren't even aware exists would have to accounted for, manufactured into a finished good and distributed. The computer you type on was made with 30 raw materials, manufactured in a dozen parts, using tools than each required a dozen raw materials of their own and so forth. Hundreds of people labored in the total production process of that computer, in dozens of different geographic locations.

Yes.

Actually the burden of proof is on you.

No. Again; any exercise of authority must be subject to a heavy burden of proof as to it's legitimacy. (The burden of proof increasing in proportion to the degree of infringement on the rights of others.) You're saying people should have no control, or very little control mover their productive lives, You're saying people should have a very minimal role in governance, that they need to be managed by a professional class of technocrats, politicians, etc., who know best, and can operate the monolithic institutions that run the show and keep the rabble in line. That must be justified. I'm saying people should have more control over their lives, that government should be more democratic, more transparent, etc. That never needs to be justified.

We have a functioning industrial society that more or less works today, built on the coercive authority of the state. If we are going to change a working system, it is up to you to provide some proof your new model will be an acceptable replacement.

That depends on what 'functional' means. Even simply by comparison to the rest of the industrialized world, the United States lags by almost every metric; poverty, income inequality, unemployment, literacy, infant mortality, access to healthcare, crime, etc. I think the millions of people who suffer the consequences of these social problems would have a different take on how our society 'works.' So, it really cannot be argued that there isn't significant room for improvement. (Incidentally, on some level, I agree. I think our political and economic system generally works to do what it's supposed to do; perpetuate an endless cycle of exploitation and domination by an elite minority at the expense of everyone else.)

I, also, never once suggested that these changes would take place overnight. In truth, barring, some enormous paradigm shift, like a Technological Singularity, I'm not sure it would necessarily ever completely end.
 
I believe Anarchism can only be achieved on a "small scale" and not a large scale....
Perhaps anarchy and Marxist-based societies have that in common.

What separates anarchy from the smallest practical central government? Is it only a matter of degree? Is it possible to think of an anarchic constitution as the basis of voluntary cooperation?

I am willing to have a long term discussion on how anarchy, Marxism and free market capitalism have similar desires while focusing on different tactics to achieve those goals.
 
However, I will say that the Spanish expiriment represents an instructive example, and, at the very least, calls into question this belief that Anarchism is somehow incompatible with modern, technological society. (In fact; this is how Anarchists have almost exclusively conceived of it.)
How was Spain a modern and technological society back in 1930s. Spain was one of the poorest countries in Europe, and didn't resemble a modern technological society at all. Their income level was comparable with Mongolia and Ghana.

That depends on what 'functional' means. Even simply by comparison to the rest of the industrialized world, the United States lags by almost every metric; poverty, income inequality, unemployment, literacy, infant mortality, access to healthcare, crime, etc. I
Why are you only comparing the US with the developed world. That doesn't make any sense. If US adopted your policies it probably would end up becoming a third world country again.

Also, your statistics are wrong or biased. US has more minorities than European countries, and it's larger. Hence Income inequality and poverty would be raised. How high do you think the income inequality would be in Europe if we regarded the whole EU as one country? Unemployment in the US is no worse than other developed countries even though this crisis was started in the US. Crime isn't any worse than other European countries either. I would say the crime rate is much worse in the UK. There are other kinds of crime apart from murder, you know? Also, the income levels in the US is very high, there are less problems with immigration and US is not risking becoming a third world nation again like Greece and Portugal.

But again, only comparing yourself to developed nations, does't make sense.
 
I believe anarchy could work if everyone acted for what's best for the anarchist community as a whole. Most people just don't want to be bothered, things wouldn't change if there wasn't a government, but of course there are those crazies out there that just want to cause problems.
 
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I believe anarchy could work if everyone acted for what's best for the anarchist community as a whole. Most people just don't want to be bothered, things wouldn't change if there wasn't a government, but of course there are those crazies out there that just want to cause problems.

'Government' can refer to any model of social organization. Anarchism isn't opposed to that. An Anarchist society would have councils, courts, it would have laws, etc. Anarchism is fundamentally opposed to Nation-States, which are illegitimate instiutions and should, thus, be dismantled.
 
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