Biologically, we became humans, homo sapiens, around 200k years ago. Now 200.000 years is a lot longer than around 4000-5000 years ago when the first recorded Monotheistic religion spawned, Judaism, in Judeea. Until then we have records of polytheistic religions.
Now. When did we "humanize" ourselves? Well that is a gradual process that implies the development of a civic and moral code of conduct. For the civilizations around the Meditteranian there were several humanization steps but possibly the one that impacted us the most was the coming of Jesus Christ whom, for the first time in a very brutal world, preached peace and understanding and forgiveness. This was in stark contrast to anything any other religion preached at that time in this part of the world. Vengeance, horrible deaths and murder were part of daily life in that time and hence they were trademarks of all religions in that area. The Egyptian religion, the norse, the greek gods and Judaism, the Roman religion, all of them and many more were very brutal. Christianity came along with peace and happiness to all men, and forgiveness, a very important theme, and changed the world for us.
The fact that humans abused it, doesn't mean that the message isn't there... it is just lost.
So that was a major first step, 2000 years ago, in the process of humans becoming humanized really, so not just walking bipedal animals.
But I think a more practical step was taken not 200 years ago. The industrial revolution, which started to mature 200 years ago after a long adolescence, had permitted greater life quality in Europe... which spawned numerous other ideologies and forms of government which permitted for a more humane society. And since then it has been a gradual up-and-down process really.
And maybe the last big boom in "humanization" happened about 23 years ago in this part of the world. The communist block fell and society stated to be better off overall. We are living in the most peaceful and most humane of times today. Compassion, forgiveness and understanding are flowing at levels unheard of before. They became staples of almost all modern societies. Sure its not idilic, its not perfect, but the world isn't idilic and perfect. But it is better than anything in the past. Humans live longer, better and have the capacity to do more good than ever before.
It is important to note that while religion, especially Christianity, had the most part to do with making the world better for about 1800 years, coupled with cultural advancement, it is now scientific development that is enabling human beings to be better off in a more practical sense.
