They have nothing to do with education.
If they did, they wouldn't be administered to small children, who have none to speak of.
Incorrect. Small children have no FORMAL education, but they definitely receive an education. It comes from parents/ siblings etc.
When you see the little kid who can name all fifty states at 2 years old, I guarantee you that kid didn't lick that information off of the ground. She was TUAGHT it by sombody. Most likely her parents.
The test is definitely not "racist". It's innanimate.
But even if it were capable of cognition and an abilty to discern morphological differences (Both necessary traits in order to be racist), the evidence still does not suggest racism since there are many people who score very high regardless of race.
Where the differences can be found is not in Racial distinctions, but socio-economic distinctions. People of a lower socio-economic tier have lower averages than people of a higher socio-economic tier.
Now there are multiple possibilities for these differences. The test does not imply that there is a racial differnce at all when adjusted for socio-economic factors.
Now, these data that you cited also coincided with a rise in socio-ecoomic status for blacks because they are no longer being falsely held back based on arbitrary distinctions, but like anything, change doesn't happen over night.
The fact that as the conditions outside of the test improve for a group their scores improve is total and complete proof that there is no racial distinction being made.
Nor is the test "classist". It is simply a measuring tool. There are so many factors that go into beiogn in that lower socio-economic tier that affect IQ scores that simply disregarding the test as "classist" becasuse of a REAL correlation is folly.
The class distinctions are more likely caused by societal differences along with other outside factors that would naturally cause lower IQ's to have a natural overrepresentation in the lower tiers.
The problem is not the natural gravitation of naturally lower intellects, but it is the FALSE holding down of naturally greater intellects (this can be caused by racist social policies like Jim Crow, discrimination based on arbitrary distinctions, cutlural pressures to feign stupidity, etc.)
But the test works wonderfully as a measure of progress in minimizing the ga for "equality of opportunity" over time.
But, that being said, there will ALWAYS be an oportunity gap based on socio-economic tier. Money more easily opens the "doors to opportunity". That doesn't mean the "doors to opportunity" are always closed to the lower tiers.
It just means that the "crowbar of ambition" needs to be used from time to time.