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I don't think I am as old as you, but I do have a pretty decent memory that goes back to the early/mid-1970s.
Partisanship has always been there, absolutely. And that, in an of itself, is natural and probably even a good thing. Almost anything is good in moderation. Nobody should be expected to give up their beliefs entirely. Partisanship puts a brake on going too far in one direction or the other.
But the polarization, or "hyper-partisanship" as I call it, that we are seeing now seems to be 'partisanship-on-steroids', and it's not serving us well at all. From my perspective it started to take off in the 1990s during the Clinton administration, and it has gotten steadily worse.
I can't decide it it's the politicians responding to us, or us responding to the politicians, or each feeding off each other, but IMO it's probably the foundational problem with our governing today. Most of our other problems are exacerbated by it.
The 1990's, that is also my beginning point for polarization. As I saw it anyway. It's interesting to note that Pew Research puts party affiliation, the average for the 1990's at Democrat 33%, Republican 28%, Independents 32%. Today Gallup places party affiliation at Democrat 28%, Republican 25% and independents at 45%. Although party affiliation/identification is dynamic and changes all the time. I think this does show the the moderates of both parties, the center, center right and center left have been fleeing the two major parties. Leaving only the hard core left and right. The rise from 32% to 45% of the electorate is huge.
The Democratic Party's affiliation at 28% is a record low for that party since Gallup and Pew Research started keeping track of these things back in 1939. The Republican Party has been lower, 21% in 1975 and again in 1979. The Democratic Party has also been over 50% of the electorate in 1961 and 1964 at 51%. The Democratic Party was above 40% of the total electorate from 1939 through 1984 when it finally fell below 40%.
http://www.people-press.org/interactives/party-id-trend/
You can compare party affiliation at the above URL. Today with the hard core left and right in charge of both parties, this plays out in the nomination process for their candidates to congress. Our two party system let's the two parties choose whom we will vote on in any November election. Since it is the hard core, the die hards of each party that votes in the primaries, the only choice they give us is one hard right and one hard left candidate which the winner will only add to the polarization of Washington. It is the lost of the moderates by both parties that has us where we are today. Neither party's leaders wants the moderate in their party. They're happy to see them go. That gives both party leaders the hard left and right candidates they want and hold dear.
I always thought the growth in independents was a good thing. Now I'm not so certain. By vacating each party especially in our two party system, they have left the choice of candidates put forth in the nomination process to the hard core of each party. Look at last year's presidential election, 60% of all Americans didn't want Trump as our next president, 60% didn't want Clinton. Yet one of them had to win. I'm going by their unfavorable ratings. I think candidates like this is what this nation has to look forward to in the future. I also think this nation won't last long if those choices of candidates are as bad as these two were. My personal opinion.