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American idea of freedom vs. German intuition

That's a tiny bit hyperbolic, isn't it? I really don't see too many emaciated people in the US. Is it that they can't find any job at all or that they feel that some jobs are just beneath them? Completely missing in your post, Goshin, is even the merest suggestion that the individual has some responsibility to make themselves marketable as an employee. Maybe I'm naive but I still believe people play a large part (though not the only part) in their own circumstances. My brother is a good example. He made some decisions that were easier at the time, but now finds himself in a position where he can only get hired at certain types of jobs that are not as secure as he'd like.


Bro, we may see times that hard in the near future if we don't mend our economic ways.

As for personal responsibility... sure, the individual has to do his part, as far as he can. But I'm telling ya, and you know I don't lie, I'm seeing more and more people who would LIKE to work but can't find anything halfway decent, in most cases because their job has been sent overseas to someone who'll work for $5k/yr or less, or replaced by technology, or by an illegal alien or an immigrant working for less than minimum wage (illegally).

It's all very well when you're 25 and have all the options in the world... but what about when you've been working in XYZ field all your life, and now you're 50, and all the sudden there just are NOT any more jobs in that field to be had? You've got a mortgage, bills, maybe kids still at home, maybe a sick wife... you've got enough age on you that starting over in a new field is going to suck and most employers do NOT want to hire 50 yr olds for entry level jobs...

Then there are those whose skills haven't kept up with technology, or who just plain never had those skills at all. Those people born with limitations that mean being a doctor, lawyer or computer technician or business analyst just is NOT going to happen for them... they don't have the fundamental capacity to rise to prosperity in a high-tech information/service economy... and then often enough what halfway decent jobs they COULD get end up being shipping overseas, oursourced or filled by cheap illegal labor?

Mostly things are quite as bad as the picture I painted, YET... but in some areas it is getting close, especially for lower-half blue-collar labor. It's easy for some to say "well get retrained for a better job"... a lot of people just aren't capable of it or don't have the resources.

You got to bear in mind that you are not in control, however much you might wish you were. If you're an employee, you're dependent on an employer... if no one will hire you you're in big trouble. If you're a businessman, you're dependent on your customers and suppliers and things can happen on that end that knock you into the poor house... I've seen SO MANY businesses close in the past few years it is scary. You could get sick or hurt and be unable to work... your wife or kid could come down with something requiring huge amounts of medical care to keep them alive... you just don't know what could happen.

I don't think making some provision for taking care of the least able among us can possibly be characterized as evil; nor for having a safety net to help those who have bad luck because of market shifts they couldn't adapt to. We could do it a lot better than we are and without so much waste and fraud, sure, but going back to the bad old days of debtor's prison and children's workhouses isn't the answer.
 
Obtaining work from a private source requires that your employment better that individual private source. It doesn't matter if it benefits you or society, just the person hiring you. Private business, unlike society as a whole, does NOT have an interest in employing everyone. It has an interest in employing as few people as possible.
Of course none of that is relevant to the "who has the most choice/freedom/voice" question. You can muddy the waters and try to make emotional appeals, but I'm telling you up front that I suspect you, and german guy, and a great many others, have not deconstructed your own emotional worldview/beliefs on these issues, and if you do, you may find they are not as reasonable as you would like to believe.

So can you just admit that in the very isolated argument, that individual economic freedom affords the most individual voice. It doesn't mean they have the most power, or best options, or society is best as a result, those are DIFFERENT ARGUMENTS. Each of which we can address, and I would be thrilled to answer and analyze with you.

And the illusion of choice is what is preserved in option 3, not actual choice.

Referring to legally protected by government, individual economic freedom as "illusion" is irrational. If you cannot debate that one very simple question, don't you think perhaps your overall views might be simiarly misguided?
 
As for personal responsibility... sure, the individual has to do his part, as far as he can. But I'm telling ya, and you know I don't lie, I'm seeing more and more people who would LIKE to work but can't find anything halfway decent, in most cases because their job has been sent overseas to someone who'll work for $5k/yr or less, or replaced by technology, or by an illegal alien or an immigrant working for less than minimum wage (illegally).
There are a lot of people in this position. Businesses have found cheaper ways to survive and they have no interest in hiring middle aged people over machines, cheap overseas employees, illegal immigrants and young people who know all the latest tech. And many of these people are those who want/need to work, who are watching their families suffer and feeling like failures because of it and, in some cases, who are dealing with the very real, involuntary psychological effects of being unemployed and feeling useless for so long. This is why suicide rates increase a hell of lot during hard economic times.

And while "personal responsibility" enters into it, there are other factors are well and sometimes, personal responsibility isn't good enough. Dismissing people's hard times as an issue of "personal responsibility" is often a very privileged response.

I also agree with you that our current safety net could be revised. It doesn't "teach people how to fish" as well as it could which is bad for everybody.
 
To those advocating #3 only (private/free market option for employment/income/benefits only), stop and think about something for a minute...
Let's say there are no gov't bennies or welfare at all. Nada. Sink or swim by your own efforts. Lassiez-Faire capitalism, free market, work or starve.

You're responding like German Guy and Pasch, you are introducing other things into the argument. The question was about who you have to appeal to for work. Government or social "institution", or basically anyone/all of the above + yourself. On that criteria alone, I would think it was obvious and trival...apparently it's not :/

This is at the heart of right to work in the U.S., as a current modern example. If you want to work for company X, should you have to bend knee to social group Y to work there? Or would you prefer to go through one hoop, rather than two? I want the number of hoops, number of people who have power over me, minimized. I do not want it zero, it will never be zero, it has never been zero, and to talk as though it's zero is distracting from the actual argument.

There will always be trade-offs, but you have to identify the ideal, to then have any idea how to navigate the trade-offs! For example, with regards to a car. If we were designers and you wanted 10% less emissions at 5% higher cost, and I wanted 20% less emissions at 15% cost increase, that is something we could hash out right? But relative to the above question, you have to start with the fact that HIGHER COST IS WORSE, and LOWER EMISSIONS IS BETTER. Finding the real-life trade-offs is what comes AFTER. People keep jumping to the trade-off question before they admit to the ideals...frustrating.
 
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You're responding like German Guy and Pasch, you are introducing other things into the argument. The question was about who you have to appeal to for work. Government or social "institution", or basically anyone/all of the above + yourself. On that criteria alone, I would think it was obvious and trival...apparently it's not :/

This is at the heart of right to work in the U.S., as a current modern example. If you want to work for company X, should you have to bend knee to social group Y to work there? Or would you prefer to go through one hoop, rather than two? I want the number of hoops, number of people who have power over me, minimized. I do not want it zero, it will never be zero, it has never been zero, and to talk as though it's zero is distracting from the actual argument.

There will always be trade-offs, but you have to identify the ideal, to then have any idea how to navigate the trade-offs! For example, with regards to a car. If we were designers and you wanted 10% less emissions at 5% higher cost, and I wanted 20% less emissions at 15% cost increase, that is something we could hash out right? But relative to the above question, you have to start with the fact that HIGHER COST IS WORSE, and LOWER EMISSIONS IS BETTER. Finding the real-life trade-offs is what comes AFTER. People keep jumping to the trade-off question before they admit to the ideals...frustrating.

:shrug: Yes, there's a lot of grey between the black and the white. That's one problem I have when some people dump on everyone who is poor or out of work as "lazy bums" or lacking in personal responsibility. It isn't always the case.

In the mid-90's, if you didn't didn't have a job (and were physically/mentally able) then you just plain didn't WANT a job... they were falling off trees and employers were desperate for warm bodies.

That has changed. Big time. And it may get worse.

We need a social safety net, preferably one that is focused on giving a hand UP (getting the down and out the training to get a decent job and not starving in the meantime) so you don't NEED assistance anymore... but there are always going to be some who are unemployable or less-and-less employable in the modern high-tech economy (IQ80 and couldn't pass the HS exit exam, severe dylexia, physical disability, etc) and they don't deserve to be left to starve either...
 
You're responding like German Guy and Pasch, you are introducing other things into the argument. The question was about who you have to appeal to for work. Government or social "institution", or basically anyone/all of the above + yourself. On that criteria alone, I would think it was obvious and trival...apparently it's not :/

This is at the heart of right to work in the U.S., as a current modern example. If you want to work for company X, should you have to bend knee to social group Y to work there? Or would you prefer to go through one hoop, rather than two? I want the number of hoops, number of people who have power over me, minimized. I do not want it zero, it will never be zero, it has never been zero, and to talk as though it's zero is distracting from the actual argument.

There will always be trade-offs, but you have to identify the ideal, to then have any idea how to navigate the trade-offs! For example, with regards to a car. If we were designers and you wanted 10% less emissions at 5% higher cost, and I wanted 20% less emissions at 15% cost increase, that is something we could hash out right? But relative to the above question, you have to start with the fact that HIGHER COST IS WORSE, and LOWER EMISSIONS IS BETTER. Finding the real-life trade-offs is what comes AFTER. People keep jumping to the trade-off question before they admit to the ideals...frustrating.
To continue your car analogy let's say an increased cost of 5% will loose 2% of sales. Now, as a car company I may want those 2% of sales and see losing them as bad - but as a salesman getting paid on commission I would prefer the higher cost because my higher commission on each sale outweighs the lower number of sales.

So, back to reality - do you want to hear that higher wages and higher employment are both better? Do you disagree with that?
 
Not all Americans are like that. A whole lot, in fact, aren't like that. To us, community is not limited to the people who live within twenty miles of us.

This is most certainly true. :)

Government's mission is to work for the people, not against it, and it would if it hadn't been hijacked and sold to the highest bidder.

Yes Government should work for the People and not against it. If only liberals would stop hijacking it and give out "rights" to groups and instead support rights of individuals (like individual gun ownership). And with respect with the money issue we would not have corporate donations if we did not also have Union donations both violate the principal of of consent in taking moneys from their members for uses that are not agreed to (share holders and bond holders for the corporations and workers in the Unions).


Wealth should not entitle a person to more power, and no one's contribution is important enough to warrant unbridled wealth and no one's is insignificant enough that they should be hungry or homeless.

The way lawyers have set up our Judaical System is the cause of abuse of wealth. No one should be limited on what they can earn on their own efforts nor should they be limited on what they can earn on their own Capital. Most homless is due to mental health issues and would be greatly reduced if we were to address that issue.


No one's money should determine whether they live or die, which expensive private healthcare does.


There is plenty of charity work on that front and if one does have an emergency then one does have access to the medical system by law. It is only for things that are treatments of diseases or organ transplants that must be covered by insurance or money; and I can almost guarantee that with UHC or rather Obama care health care will be rationed and thus some people will be denied and will die under it.


Comprehensive education for every single citizen is necessary for a free society, and full participation in the political process protects personal freedom, not violence.

People who own guns are in general not violent. The idea is that a Tyrannical government would by definition be a violent government and would needed to be countered by force. And with respect to education we have universal government provided education and it has failed. What is needed is government funded education that is controlled by the parents directly.


Freedom is the ability (which naturally includes the right) to determine one's own destiny.

This is correct. Both sides of the political divide try to frustrate this.


This can't be done if one doesn't have the same legal rights as everyone else, and those rights aren't needlessly curtailed, nor if one is denied access to society.

I do not know what you mean access to society, but yes everyone should be equal under the law.

Freedom has nothing to do with taxes or regulations about pollution or endangered animals and plants.

Taxes are a necessary evil and are destructive to freedom and liberty and thus government should be limited; with respect to pollution this can be addressed by property rights since it is not ok to pollute another's property or person; and with endangered animals and plants if it is considered a good thing to preserve then use eminent domain to purchase the land with just compensation do not seize the utility of the land by regulation.
 
Most members here are American, and I am German. Our two countries are allies, in organizations such as NATO and sharing the same fondness for the ideas of freedom, constitutional and republican government.

But after several years of discussing politics with Americans, I've realized that certain ideas about concepts like "freedom", "democracy" and "government" that seem to be widespread in America differ from my understanding of these ideas, and I consider many of my ideas more or less mainstream in Germany (although I could be wrong, of course).

I'd like to know your opinion on these differences. I don't want to argue one of these views is right and the other is wrong, because I believe both views have their merits, although I feel more familiar with my ideas, of course.

Which differences do I mean?
[...]

What do you think? Do you understand where I am coming from?
I think these differences which you so eloquently presented here are not as fundamental as they seem. I think the main difference is in the myths we like to create about ourselves. Germans, or Europeans in general, aren't nearly as social as they like to think of themselves and Americans aren't nearly as rebellious against authority as they like to think of themselves.

In Germany -and many other European countries- the middle class is trying to save its bacon by excluding millions from fruitful participation in society and condemning them to irrevocable destitution. The IMF/EU/Merkel policies that do this are supported by the mainstream Germans and even lauded as exemplary. These policies may be many things but social they are not, quite the opposite. Hartz IV which you mentioned is a disgrace, or rather would have been viewed as a societal disgrace twenty or thirty years ago when solidarity actually still was a principle aspect of German (and European) society. Germans (and Europeans in general) still talk the talk, but they no longer walk the walk.

In a larger context, to which Germany admittedly is still an exception, the resurgence of the extreme right illustrates this evolution all the more. It's bon ton again to persecute and even murder Roma gypsies. Hungary, where this is unofficial policy for the extreme right Jobbik party, does barely get tapped on the fingers for it. Germany, in its capacity of de facto leader of the EU has some responsibility in this as it's perfectly situated to put a hundredfold more pressure on Hungary against this demon of the past. Causing enormous poverty and homelessness in Greece is a German/EU priority apparently but protecting minorities clearly isn't. Societas is only that when it's all inclusive, otherwise it's just good old aristocracy.

Similarly, there isn't much left of the American values that gave rise to the republic in 1776. Americans may be rebellious against authority as many have argued in this thread but in actual fact that comes to a full stop as soon as the establishment yells 'terrorism'. Then the Constitution goes out of the window and the Bill of Rights is flushed down the toilet. That could have been looked over as a single faux pas of one administration but the current one has done very little to undo the damage of the previous ones in that respect. The situation is the same as in Germany/Europe : the myth is still there but the reality shows otherwise.

When one ignores the myths and looks as objectively as possible at the facts, then there isn't all that much difference anymore. Both and in fact nearly all Western nations are countries with neo-liberal economical policies whether the population wants it or not, with rapidly declining attention for human, social and other basic rights, with a political class that becomes more immutable and less accessible for ordinary citizens every election and with governments and governmental institutions which are far too large to be healthy.
 
You do not need guns to have have your freedom. There are many societies that are free, I'm pretty sure the U.S. is the only one that has a right to guns.

"Gun ownership" here is regarded by many of us a balance of power for lack of a better description. Many believe it is a check pointed toward government as at minimum the survivalists are willing and ready to shoot as has been proven in the past. Look at Waco, Texas and you will see as ordered by the attorney general Janet Reno the governemt agency called the ATF moved in and killed men, women and children with guns. I have personal experience with the ATF and detest their existance as the good people of Germany haterd the Gestapo. Also, look at Kent State where the National Guard was not only armed with loaded assault weapons, they were willing to kill unarmed teenagers shooting several in the back. My personal belieif is the authorities in America both military and civil are very willing to let bullets fly on command against citizens with opposing opinions and I believe we will see this happen in the not to distant future.
 
Well, it depends. In Europe the monarchies would collect oppressive taxes, which were focused in small centralized regions creating centers of power and wealth. While I don't agree with the characterization of taxes as theft necessarily, I can certainly see the parallel.

A democratically elected and legitimized, constitutional government does not steal from anybody, but it just collects money for the decision you had a say in. As long as you have a say in it, you have no right to refuse paying your contribution. That would be treason and unpatriotic, because that means you cancel the contract you have with your other fellow citizens. If you disagree, say "no" in the election. But don't compare this fair, free process of citizens using their freedom to tyranny, socialist dictatorship, fascism or absolutist monarchy.

The weird thing is, the difference probably isn't that big between Germany and America after all. Just for some weird reason, Americans only see it this way when it's about wars, military matters and fighting foreign enemies, but not when it's about social programs.

And if it isn't, then what? You've already established that armed rebellion is ridiculous.

Of course armed rebellion is justified in that case. I just think that those Americans who don't see the difference between losing an election to the majority and "fascism" are totally delusional, dangerous nuts who should better be taken care of, because they pose a threat to the freedom of all other citizens.

Also, I don't believe that armed rebellion against a genuinely oppressive government is always a good choice. Sometimes, peaceful mass protests can achieve more. And often, armed rebellion will not lead to a more free government if successful toppling the old, but just replace the old fanatics with new fanatics (there are dozens of examples, from the French Revolution to the Arab Spring)

Well, it's not equal. Fair is a different matter.

When inequality becomes too big, there is no freedom anymore for those at the bottom.

Private actors don't have government authority. The comparison is ridiculous.

Job contracts are usually not bound to constitutional values, or are they? And don't tell me nobody has to accept a job contract he doesn't like. Many people have no choice.

You're falsely equating authority to value. Does the person who worked their whole lives to create a successful business not deserve more authority over that business? Why do you suddenly authority over it simply because it can advantage you? Should I get equal say in how you raise your offspring simply because your child may at some level impact mine?

That's a silly comparison.

Of course a successful businessman should have more authority over his business. But that doesn't mean he should be allowed to pollute common goods such as the environment that belongs to everybody, increase his wealth without being aware of the responsibility towards those who have few, or exploit his workers.

Actually, I have to ask honestly; what part of freedom are you fond of? Or is freedom to you simply the majority imposing it's will on others?-

No. I believe in a negative freedom from the government, and the positive freedom to influence decisions that concern us all via the government.

I guess most Americans do as well, to varying degrees. The only difference is that we draw the lines slightly differently and get called "socialists" or "fascists" for it by Americans. And sometimes, vice versa.

Yes, and our fellow citizens have innate power over us. The distinction here is that the responsibility is individually realized instead of authoritatively imposed.

Above, you said in some cases, it should be authoritatively imposed. IIRC, you named the examples of murder and rape.

I don't get it. You don't believe in being left alone as freedom but you believe in a right to being left alone as freedom?

Of course "being left alone" is an important side of freedom. But I also believe in the other side, the positive freedom to gather and debate as a society, and then agree on decisions that affect us all, via the democratic process. Being left alone is not enough, because in the extreme case, that means anarchy and law of the stronger/tyranny of the strong.

Well, not all speech and gathering obviously.

That's one of the few things that appear to be rather similar in America and Germany. As far as I know, both libel and slander and calls for murder are illegal in both our countries. We just differ about the legal details, what kind of action constitutes such a crime and which does not.

Ha! I don't have that right if I'm not in the majority!

Yes. But you agree on the contract of society, the Constitution. That makes sure that your voice is heard and you are free to raise it. If you don't like it, of course you should be free to leave.

Why do you hate democracy so much?

What has democracy to do with the legal system? Ironically, it seems that the American legal system is more democratic than the German, as you still use "civil lynch mob" juries to determine the outcome of criminal cases.

Possibly, though the origins of the ideologies are similar.

Uhm no. Not in the slightest.

The democratic rise to power.

Actually, no. The Nazi Party never received more than 34% of the votes in free elections. The Nazis came to power, because monarchist-conservative President Hindenburg abused a loophole in the Constitution to appoint Hitler Chancellor, although his party did not have a majority in the parliament.

Gee, and you ask why Americans believed in the right to rebel and to keep arms to do so?

The "handguns against Hitler" argument, when advanced in seriousness, just makes me to want to bang my head against the wall. Weimar did not fail because too few people had guns, but because too many had: Monarchist Free Corps had guns, Nazi militias had guns, communist wannabe-revolutionaries had guns. They all had guns, but it didn't mean they protected freedom or the Republic. Imagine. Weimar did not fail because the people had too few guns, but because the free, republican government was too shy to use their's against certain elements of the people.

If most Germans had had guns around ca. 1938, my guess is that most wouldn't have used it against the government either. They'd more likely have used them against the few remaining representants of "the enemy" (WW1 allies and "their system", Jews, commies, etc).

Nope; he was freely elected.

No, he was not, see above.

Hitler came to power not via free election, but because the Constitution had loopholes and because too few people cared for the Republic. And because those who did, when they were still running the free government, were not decisive enough to battle anti-Constitutional enemies of freedom, such as the Nazis.

Well, they believed in Democracy enough to vote for him. Constitutional values were considered second to practicality.

Again, no, see above.

Well, the Wiemar republic failed in a lot of respects.

Agreed.

If the Government somehow paradoxically imposed such a government on the people against their will, how does this mesh with democracy or freedom?

Constitutional values such as basic civil and human rights trump democracy. I never said anything else.

Not really free speech then huh?

See above. Calling for murder is not free speech, but abusing free speech to violate the freedom of others.


Well, Americans don't really cry bloody murder about taxes. We're not big fans of the large federal taxes. Maybe you're misunderstanding also comes in at the differences between America and Germany. We have multiple levels of Government. Most people don't really oppose local taxes and in
Well, yes and no. Largely, freedom in its idealized form can be viewed as complete anarchy, though the American ideal of freedom tends to hold a standard which others do not have the freedom to violate your own. So, in some ways, Government protects freedoms, and in others it threatens them.

I guess most Germans would agree.

The difference is probably because of a different idea of what constitutes "violating the freedom of others". IMO, too much inequality violates the freedom of those at the bottom by the hands of those at the top. When you acquire much wealth, you have a responsibility towards those who were not so lucky, because you have much more power to influence decisions that concern the whole of society -- which is a violation of the freedom of those who have less power.

Now of course total material equality is neither pragmatically feasible or a realistic goal to achieve. But balancing the extremes is the legitimate goal of any democratic government by the people, for the people.

Economic freedom is a necessary aspect of freedom. Simply because many in the world ignore it doesn't mean Americans put emphasis on it; it's simply the aspect of freedom most commonly questioned.

See my statement above. I believe many Americans fail to see that the individual does not live in a vacuum, but that his economic achievements bring responsibilities towards your fellow countrymen too.

Completely false; common welfare is what has us ban things like murder and rape.

Fair enough, I pointed the argument in order to make a point. So maybe the difference is not that big after all.

But for some strange reason, many Americans believe physically abusing people is less horrible than economically abusing them -- although the general, underlying idea is the same.

(to be continued...)
 
Also false. Society is not a separate entity from the individuals and thus individuals must be given wide consideration. These are, again, basic aspects of freedom. You cannot consider society as a separate entity outside of the individual people you will affect. This is completely counter to freedom.

Absolutely agreed. This is why Germany, as most other European free countries, have a democratic-republican system of government and Constitutions to protect the freedom of individuals. We simply draw the line a bit differently than you guys do.

And while I think your statement is sound, you have to admit that there are not few American right-populists who reject the idea of government alltogether -- even a democratically elected President like Obama is compared to Hitler, his policies called "tyranny", just because these people disagree with them. And they call for secession or revolution to topple this democratically elected government by the people for the people, basically advocating violence to force a majority of the voters to obey to their minority position. In my eyes, these people don't know what freedom is.

Correct. Why shouldn't Government actions be questioned? Governments purpose is to act as a "necessary evil," because legitimate anarchy is effectively impossible, thus control must be seceded to someone. It's governments duty to ensure this control is used properly and not abused.

I guess I have a more pragmatic view. Free markets have their obvious advantages such as efficiency, but they do not enjoy a default moral or ethical advantage over government intervention. Both private and state structures can be equally oppressive, the only difference is that the former uses the medium "money", while the latter uses the medium "power/force".

So yes, governments must be checked. But markets have to be checked too. The only thing that can check government are private actors, and the only thing that can check private actors is constitutional, democratic government (like, for example, when private actors murder or rape other private actors, or when businesses exploit employees or investors to acquire wealth without respecting their responsibility towards those who have less).

When it comes to policy, neither government intervention nor leaving the market alone is the default position. In some cases, government intervention is the best way to handle a problem, in other cases, free markets can do the job much better. Depends on the question.

What is the purpose you see Government serving?

To act according to the interests of the people it represents, the people which elects and legitimizes it.

That means *all* people, rich and poor alike.

That is also correct. Democracy makes no consideration for the minority by definition. That's kind of the whole point of democracy; the majority gets what it wants.

Yes. That's why we have a Constitution in Germany protecting civil and human rights that cannot be violated by majority decision. There has not been a classic, purely majority-based democracy in human history ever since ancient Athens, IIRC. And hardly anybody in Germany advocates such a system either, as far as I can tell.

Democracy is fine in limited scopes and when bound by a sensible constitution.

100% agreement.

Well, I wouldn't say EQUALLY bad, but both have the potential to be bad and both are counter to sound government. You could always have a benevolent dictator, who ensures a just government and treats his people well. I wouldn't say this particular government would be necessarily bad. Quite simply, a sound Government will be small because it is all that is necessary to perform its proper function. A government too large, regardless of it's present well-meaning intentions, is dangerous, because its present intentions are much more temporal than the power given to it.

I'd make a difference between "size" and "character" of a government. There can be huge, overly-sized governments which are still not *that* bad, as they respect the law and constitutional values, but are extremely inefficient, wasting huge sums of money. Bureaucratic monstrosities, so to speak.

On the other side, even a small government can be a totalitarian machine of repression: When it ignores basic civil and human rights, can arrest people at free will, deny them fair trials, not allow free elections, does not allow representation or expression of opposing opinions and so on. Even if such a small government leaves the businessmen almost unlimited freedom to make their deals and money, and imposes low taxes, it would be a zillion times more oppressive than the former.

Yes. This little tid-bit came around in the glorious revolution. Why so much of the world now magically thinks such a right is no longer important (in Germany no less!) is beyond me. I don't get it.

It's an American peculiarity to think that guns in private hands somehow magically bring freedom, against the evidence of hundreds of historical examples. I don't get that either.

Again, yes, an important aspect of a just society. The Government must be consented to by the people.

Yes. That's why you have free and fair elections. If you are a minority and you want to use violence against the majority, that does not mean that "the people disagrees with the government".

Many right-wing Americans seem to ignore that. They now believe they have the right to use violence against *any* kind of government they disagree with, even if it was democratically elected by a majority of voters, and even though they are free to vote against the governing party.

See that rant against Obama above to understand what I mean.

For me, this kind of thinking is extremely dangerous, as the tricky thing about toppling an autocratic government is not so much getting enough people to agree it shall be toppled, but to get these people to agree on an alternative. My guess is that usually, the alternative that finally emerges and enjoys acceptance among a majority won't exactly one that respects freedom and human rights. That's because the demons you need to get out of Pandora's Box in order to rally up people for revolution are not suited to establish a tolerant and non-fanatic society with.

Now maybe the American people is much different than the rest of the world, and freedom is in their blood, so whenever a government is violently toppled, there will be a new government replacing it that actually allows more freedom than the ancien regime.

But I have my doubts. Especially when I look at the people who actually muse about revolution or secession.

Government intervention democratically pushed for is, by definition, socialist. I don't know why that's such a big deal to admit.

No, it is not "by definition socialist". Only in the lunatic dreams of anti-intellectual partisan hacks such as Rush Limbaugh and Glenn Beck, maybe. Ask any history professor, and he'll laugh his ass off.

That's another difference between Germans and Americans: When it comes to these definitions, there are only extremes for many Americans; either black or white, everything or nothing, freedom or tyranny, good and evil, freedom or socialism. That neither your freedom is as unlimited as you think, nor ours is as limited as you think, totally escapes them.

Only someone who does not have the slightest knowledge of these matters would conflate socialist dictatorships such as in the former East Bloc or North Korea with democratic-republican, constitutional European welfare states along the lines of "Social Market Economy" or social democracy.

Yet many Americans apparently do that.

What's "right freedom?" I also don't know what free market radicalism is. If the government forces you to do something, you're not free in that regard, and this extends to economic issues as well.

Everybody loves freedom, but everybody has a different idea what freedom actually is.

This idea you advance, that free markets are always more free than societies with considerable government intervention, is a particular ideology that sounds nice on the paper, much like Marxism

... sounds nice on the paper, but has nothing to do with reality in my experience whatsoever.
fact when local taxes are needed for some project, a lot of times many people support them. We recently voted to raise sales tax for road construction projects in my district even though Obama only got about 30% of the vote here. Many people have a deeper problem with our tax system not because they think taxes are fundamentally wrong, but because when you pay a third of your wealth to fund some government subsidization program in Maryland and you live in Oregon, neither you nor your community benefits but some other community that you've never even met. In this way, it feels a lot like paying taxes to the king.

Fair enough.


EDIT: Sorry, I messed up the reply a little due to the character limit.
 
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A democratically elected and legitimized, constitutional government does not steal from anybody, but it just collects money for the decision you had a say in. As long as you have a say in it, you have no right to refuse paying your contribution.

You have no say unless you're in the majority!

Its silly to say "oh, you have a say in it" when quite clearly the majority will vote against you. Is slavery legitimate if properly voted for, including by the slaves? The small slave population has no hope to vote away their enslavement, but by your logic, as long as they can vote against it, it's not wrong. This is absurd.

Taxes are necessary. There's no denying that. But they should be sensible and fair. We have a class that does not pay taxes but decides how much the tax payers must pay. How is this fair? The ones who do pay taxes don't get a say. They get to go through the motions of voting, but it's ultimately irrelevant that they voted, because it is impossible for their vote to impact the majority. I have no problem with high taxes if that tax is flat, because it ensures that you don't just have one segment of society (the majority) arbitrarily voting to raise taxes on the rest.

That would be treason and unpatriotic,

We're more ideological than that; American allegiance is to principle, not the Government. Blind allegiance to the Government is what leads to fascism.

because that means you cancel the contract you have with your other fellow citizens.

But severability is the whole point of the social contract. If the contract is not consensual, then the entire theory loses validity.

If you disagree, say "no" in the election.

Like saying no to slavery?

It doesn't make sense to say its just simple because it was voted for. This makes constitution protection pointless.

But don't compare this fair, free process of citizens using their freedom to tyranny, socialist dictatorship, fascism or absolutist monarchy.

Why not? Oppression isn't about whose oppressing you. Why is it that the number of oppressors matter?

The weird thing is, the difference probably isn't that big between Germany and America after all. Just for some weird reason, Americans only see it this way when it's about wars, military matters and fighting foreign enemies, but not when it's about social programs.

The only validity nationalism has (note I'm not talking about the ideological nationalism of the nazis but the structure of large countries in general) is the military power it creates. Why should so much organization be seceded to a large centralized figure? The states can most certainty run their own social programs; the federal government needs no hand in it. The only purpose they need to serve is a standing military for the common defense of the country.

Of course armed rebellion is justified in that case.

How are you going to have armed rebellion if you don't have weapons?

I just think that those Americans who don't see the difference between losing an election to the majority and "fascism" are totally delusional, dangerous nuts who should better be taken care of, because they pose a threat to the freedom of all other citizens.

Uh, I don't know what your news organizations are telling you, but there is no armed rebellion presently occurring in the United States. Some in America are concerned that armed rebellion will be needed soon, but not because they lost an election, but because the rights preserved in the constitution are slowly being chipped away. Right now we're having to argue about the preservation of the second amendment of our constitution.

No one ran against the second amendment, by the way, so I don't see what democracy even has to do with this. It was a silly conspiracy that these things were on the way.

Also, I don't believe that armed rebellion against a genuinely oppressive government is always a good choice. Sometimes, peaceful mass protests can achieve more. And often, armed rebellion will not lead to a more free government if successful toppling the old, but just replace the old fanatics with new fanatics (there are dozens of examples, from the French Revolution to the Arab Spring)

Sometimes. American Revolution is an example of a successful armed rebellion, but I certainly agree armed rebellion isn't ALWAYS the answer, but sometimes it is necessary.


When inequality becomes too big, there is no freedom anymore for those at the bottom.
Such as?


Job contracts are usually not bound to constitutional values, or are they?

A job contract cannot take away your right to free speech. You can agree to not exercise your free speech in certain circumstances or else you void the contract, but rights cannot be signed away. This is the point of "unalienable rights."



That's a silly comparison.

In what way?

Of course a successful businessman should have more authority over his business.

Unless that's voted away, of course.

But that doesn't mean he should be allowed to pollute common goods such as the environment that belongs to everybody,

The environment of what specifically? The atmosphere? Well, this has to do with the degradation of others property, not democratic say in business. The government having a say in protecting the atmosphere from pollution is not the predicate of people feeling they want it, but that the business is harming something that is not theirs. Largely, sensible air pollution measures are widely supported in America and see little opposition.

increase his wealth without being aware of the responsibility towards those who have few, or exploit his workers.

Workers can choose not to work there, or, if the exploitation is legitimate, they can unionize to apply pressure to them. There's no need to democratically vote those standards in.

No. I believe in a negative freedom from the government, and the positive freedom to influence decisions that concern us all via the government.

Positive freedoms are oppressive, because they compel others to act to provide for you. This is no different than saying the right to slave, as you must then require one to sacrifice to supply it.

If you give one the right to something, someone else must sacrifice that thing. This is not only oppressive but self defeating, as such a right is not unalienable, as the inability to provide it would require the government to violate its own standard.

I guess most Americans do as well, to varying degrees. The only difference is that we draw the lines slightly differently and get called "socialists" or "fascists" for it by Americans. And sometimes, vice versa.

The government supplying things that benefit you is not necessarily wrong. What's wrong is equating these things to rights. It's completely absurd.


Above, you said in some cases, it should be authoritatively imposed. IIRC, you named the examples of murder and rape.

Yes, COMMON good. Meaning, when it is for all in the country, not for some.

Of course "being left alone" is an important side of freedom. But I also believe in the other side, the positive freedom to gather and debate as a society, and then agree on decisions that affect us all, via the democratic process. Being left alone is not enough, because in the extreme case, that means anarchy and law of the stronger/tyranny of the strong.

The right to democracy is already defeated by constitutional limits. This is not positive right but a function of the form of government.


That's one of the few things that appear to be rather similar in America and Germany. As far as I know, both libel and slander and calls for murder are illegal in both our countries. We just differ about the legal details, what kind of action constitutes such a crime and which does not.

Actually its not illegal in America. I was being sarcastic. You can't restrict certain forms of speech; this makes freedom of speech pointless.

Libel isn't a criminal offense but a civil one. A threat of murder is considered a wrongdoing on another individual. These are examples of exercising your freedoms to violates others, which is not a limitation of the freedom itself. You're allowed to speak of whatever you wish, and gather however you wish, so long as these are not violating the rights of others.

Yes. But you agree on the contract of society, the Constitution. That makes sure that your voice is heard and you are free to raise it. If you don't like it, of course you should be free to leave.

My point is that democracy has absolutely nothing to do with freedom.


What has democracy to do with the legal system? Ironically, it seems that the American legal system is more democratic than the German, as you still use "civil lynch mob" juries to determine the outcome of criminal cases.

My point. You hate democracy so much, you don't believe we should elect people's guilt? They consented to the contract, after all!

Uhm no. Not in the slightest.

Fascinating. Where does your ideology originate from then?

Actually, no. The Nazi Party never received more than 34% of the votes in free elections. The Nazis came to power, because monarchist-conservative President Hindenburg abused a loophole in the Constitution to appoint Hitler Chancellor, although his party did not have a majority in the parliament.

The Nazi party DID have a majority in the reichstag after the re-elections. Hitler won about 36% of vote against Hindenburg and came in second in the presidential election. Hindenburg was the only man who could win against him in the election. He was democratically elected and appointed the Nazis. Even if he hadn't, Hitler would have just won the next election anyways, as he had a sizable majority over the KPD opposition. Also, the nazis were the second largest political group in the reichstag even prior to the re-election. To argue that the nazis didn't have democratic backing is absurd.

Hitler was very popular prior to WW2. He was Time's man of the year even.




The "handguns against Hitler" argument, when advanced in seriousness, just makes me to want to bang my head against the wall.

You should get that looked at.

Weimar did not fail because too few people had guns, but because too many had: Monarchist Free Corps had guns, Nazi militias had guns, communist wannabe-revolutionaries had guns. They all had guns, but it didn't mean they protected freedom or the Republic. Imagine. Weimar did not fail because the people had too few guns, but because the free, republican government was too shy to use their's against certain elements of the people.

No. The Weimar failed because it no longer had popular support. It was really the fault of the poor handling of WW1, which put the Weimar in a lose-lose scenario. The public opposition to weimar is what damned it. Guns had nothing to do with it.

If most Germans had had guns around ca. 1938, my guess is that most wouldn't have used it against the government either. They'd more likely have used them against the few remaining representants of "the enemy" (WW1 allies and "their system", Jews, commies, etc).

Most Germans DID have guns. Only the people the Nazis were actually killing were restricted from them.

Since most people were conscripted, naturally gun ownership was high.


No, he was not, see above.

Yes he was, see above.

Hitler came to power not via free election, but because the Constitution had loopholes and because too few people cared for the Republic. And because those who did, when they were still running the free government, were not decisive enough to battle anti-Constitutional enemies of freedom, such as the Nazis.

People caring for the republic is a democratic issue.


Again, no, see above.

Again, yes. See above.

Constitutional values such as basic civil and human rights trump democracy. I never said anything else.

Well, unless their freedom you don't agree with, like the right to keep and bear arms.


See above. Calling for murder is not free speech, but abusing free speech to violate the freedom of others.

Hate speech is not equivalent to calling for someone's murder.
 
"Gun ownership" here is regarded by many of us a balance of power for lack of a better description. Many believe it is a check pointed toward government as at minimum the survivalists are willing and ready to shoot as has been proven in the past. Look at Waco, Texas and you will see as ordered by the attorney general Janet Reno the governemt agency called the ATF moved in and killed men, women and children with guns. I have personal experience with the ATF and detest their existance as the good people of Germany haterd the Gestapo. Also, look at Kent State where the National Guard was not only armed with loaded assault weapons, they were willing to kill unarmed teenagers shooting several in the back. My personal belieif is the authorities in America both military and civil are very willing to let bullets fly on command against citizens with opposing opinions and I believe we will see this happen in the not to distant future.

While Canada comes from the interest of law and order.
 
I guess most Germans would agree.

Maybe.


The difference is probably because of a different idea of what constitutes "violating the freedom of others". IMO, too much inequality violates the freedom of those at the bottom by the hands of those at the top. When you acquire much wealth, you have a responsibility towards those who were not so lucky, because you have much more power to influence decisions that concern the whole of society -- which is a violation of the freedom of those who have less power.

Give me an example.

Now of course total material equality is neither pragmatically feasible or a realistic goal to achieve. But balancing the extremes is the legitimate goal of any democratic government by the people, for the people.

Not if you're oppressing some to do it. What if the wealth inequality increases as everyone becomes wealthier? Is that then wrong or is it more important to impose some form of obscure equality?


See my statement above. I believe many Americans fail to see that the individual does not live in a vacuum, but that his economic achievements bring responsibilities towards your fellow countrymen too.

Of course it does. It does innately. This has nothing to do with giving power to others to dictate your property.

Fair enough, I pointed the argument in order to make a point. So maybe the difference is not that big after all.

But for some strange reason, many Americans believe physically abusing people is less horrible than economically abusing them -- although the general, underlying idea is the same.

Me having more than you is not economic abuse anymore than me being stronger than you is physical abuse.

Absolutely agreed. This is why Germany, as most other European free countries, have a democratic-republican system of government and Constitutions to protect the freedom of individuals. We simply draw the line a bit differently than you guys do.

Then what's the problem you have understanding? We value more individual freedoms than you. When some in our country argue against our constitution, we tend to get nervous. I would imagine that this is something most the rest of the world would understand. The problem is you're applying your world view to us and siding with those you most agree with instead of looking at the situation for what it is. Societies for thousands of years have gotten along with much less freedom than you have, this does not mean that your constitutional standard are impractical.

And while I think your statement is sound, you have to admit that there are not few American right-populists who reject the idea of government alltogether

Yes. Those people are everywhere. Naive Anarchism is not an American phenomenon.

-- even a democratically elected President like Obama is compared to Hitler,

Yes. So was Bush. So what?

his policies called "tyranny",

Yes. So was Bush. So what?

just because these people disagree with them.
No. Because our CONSTITUTION disagrees with them. Because he didn't RUN on these principles. In fact, he ran COUNTER to those principles.

And they call for secession or revolution to topple this democratically elected government by the people for the people, basically advocating violence to force a majority of the voters to obey to their minority position. In my eyes, these people don't know what freedom is.

Who has done that?

I guess I have a more pragmatic view. Free markets have their obvious advantages such as efficiency, but they do not enjoy a default moral or ethical advantage over government intervention.

Of course they do. It's funny, the entire argument for government intervention is always practical not moral.

Both private and state structures can be equally oppressive,

No they can not. Public institutions create law, private ones cannot. Private institutions are always subject of public ones. Public institutions are subject to nothing.

the only difference is that the former uses the medium "money", while the latter uses the medium "power/force".

Money is just an economic device, it has no real power unless you consent to give it such power.

So yes, governments must be checked. But markets have to be checked too.

Markets are not private institutions.

The only thing that can check government are private actors, and the only thing that can check private actors is constitutional, democratic government (like, for example, when private actors murder or rape other private actors, or when businesses exploit employees or investors to acquire wealth without respecting their responsibility towards those who have less).

So, simply by existing, you believe I have a duty to someone else simply because I am in a position to, at some level, provide benefit to them? Is that where you're coming from?

When it comes to policy, neither government intervention nor leaving the market alone is the default position. In some cases, government intervention is the best way to handle a problem, in other cases, free markets can do the job much better. Depends on the question.

Obviously government intervention is necessary to ensure that a private institution is not violating constitutional rights, such as indentured servitude or murder. But to say the business has an obligation to give somebody something simply because it can is ridiculous to me.


To act according to the interests of the people it represents, the people which elects and legitimizes it.

Well, there interests may be to have every aspect of their lives to be micromanaged. Would it be in my best interest to have the government ensure I do everything the best possible way I can? I would say so. I don't see the government serving this function, however. I think such a moral leads to bad places.

That means *all* people, rich and poor alike.

Good. How does having some forced to pay for the others to the benefit of themselves, especially if those are somewhere far away?

Yes. That's why we have a Constitution in Germany protecting civil and human rights that cannot be violated by majority decision. There has not been a classic, purely majority-based democracy in human history ever since ancient Athens, IIRC. And hardly anybody in Germany advocates such a system either, as far as I can tell.

Then why do think Americans are foolish to be wary of those who are openly hostile to their constitution?


I'd make a difference between "size" and "character" of a government. There can be huge, overly-sized governments which are still not *that* bad, as they respect the law and constitutional values, but are extremely inefficient, wasting huge sums of money. Bureaucratic monstrosities, so to speak.

You're missing the point. The character of the government is temporary. It all depends on whose in the government at the time. The size of the government is not as temporary. It is very difficult to take power away from the government once it has it.

On the other side, even a small government can be a totalitarian machine of repression: When it ignores basic civil and human rights, can arrest people at free will, deny them fair trials, not allow free elections, does not allow representation or expression of opposing opinions and so on. Even if such a small government leaves the businessmen almost unlimited freedom to make their deals and money, and imposes low taxes, it would be a zillion times more oppressive than the former.
A small government is incapable of doing all but the low taxes thing.

I don't get where you're coming from with the businessmen thing.


It's an American peculiarity to think that guns in private hands somehow magically bring freedom, against the evidence of hundreds of historical examples. I don't get that either.

Name some of the historical examples. Weapons being freely available is a rather recent phenomenon. Historically, one would require a lot of skill to use a weapon, which would give military a distinct power of the masses. This is no longer the case.

If you need to know how guns can be used to combat oppression, look no further than the American revolution.


Yes. That's why you have free and fair elections. If you are a minority and you want to use violence against the majority, that does not mean that "the people disagrees with the government".

Where is this happening?

Many right-wing Americans seem to ignore that. They now believe they have the right to use violence against *any* kind of government they disagree with, even if it was democratically elected by a majority of voters, and even though they are free to vote against the governing party.

Again, what the **** are you talking about?

See that rant against Obama above to understand what I mean.

Obama is still limited by our constitution, if he violates it, we should rebel. This is something you supposedly agree with whenever I mention the limitations of democracy.

For me, this kind of thinking is extremely dangerous, as the tricky thing about toppling an autocratic government is not so much getting enough people to agree it shall be toppled, but to get these people to agree on an alternative.

America has been pretty good at that in the past. Nonetheless, its a principle that we tend to follow because we are ideologically aligned with our constitution.

My guess is that usually, the alternative that finally emerges and enjoys acceptance among a majority won't exactly one that respects freedom and human rights. That's because the demons you need to get out of Pandora's Box in order to rally up people for revolution are not suited to establish a tolerant and non-fanatic society with.

Except for in the case of the American Revolution. Again, we this is because we follow ideology.

Now maybe the American people is much different than the rest of the world, and freedom is in their blood, so whenever a government is violently toppled, there will be a new government replacing it that actually allows more freedom than the ancien regime.

That seems to be the historical standard.

But I have my doubts. Especially when I look at the people who actually muse about revolution or secession.

I doubt you're really looking as much as you're judging.

You JUST agreed that severance of the social contract is important. Why is the idea of a state coming together to sever that agreement with the federal government so dangerous or ridiculous? You're not being consistent which makes difficult to address you. At one end, you say you like constitutionalism. On the other, you say it's "dangerous fanaticism" to put the constitution above democratically elected governments. Which is it?


No, it is not "by definition socialist". Only in the lunatic dreams of anti-intellectual partisan hacks such as Rush Limbaugh and Glenn Beck, maybe. Ask any history professor, and he'll laugh his ass off.

I'm going by Marx's definition actually. You should actually ask history professor, or better yet, look it up yourself.

In fact, let me do it for you

That's another difference between Germans and Americans: When it comes to these definitions, there are only extremes for many Americans; either black or white, everything or nothing, freedom or tyranny, good and evil, freedom or socialism.

No, if that were the case, we would all be anarchists. Socialism does have a concrete definition, whether you like it or not.

That neither your freedom is as unlimited as you think, nor ours is as limited as you think, totally escapes them.

I don't honestly know where you get this stuff.

Only someone who does not have the slightest knowledge of these matters would conflate socialist dictatorships such as in the former East Bloc or North Korea with democratic-republican, constitutional European welfare states along the lines of "Social Market Economy" or social democracy.

When did I say socialist dictatorship? I said socialist.

Yet many Americans apparently do that.

No, you did it, not me. Maybe too many Germans do that.


Everybody loves freedom, but everybody has a different idea what freedom actually is.

Not really. We just sacrifice various degrees of our freedom.

This idea you advance, that free markets are always more free than societies with considerable government intervention, is a particular ideology that sounds nice on the paper, much like Marxism

Marxism sounds horrible on paper.
 
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