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Two stage filtrarion? Sponge filter with some kind of ceramic? I am guessing activated charcoal would be good? I have been watching lots of videos tonight on DIY filtration, they really do rival the best systems and free up $ for other things, like larger tanks! When I get my 20-30 gallon, I will use my hang on the back 5 gallon, in conjunction with a high volume 2 stage filter.
LOL, I am a cheap skate on a budget, worse case scenario I kill my fish, I ride 6 blocks to the river and restock though I don't think I will kill them.
Instead of an industrial looking sponge anchored to tile, how about a real sea sponge anchored to natural slate?
If you are going to DIY, go to a store that sells fish and aquariums and pumps and filters. See how it is done and then copy it. But for basic filtering, a foam pad and charcoal is good, but the ceramic material stays in the hang on, let the bacteria live on that and assist. If you are only doing 30 gallons with a few fish, you don't need a lot, but, more fish = more poop, and the need for the water to be more aerated and filtered. I used to use an air pump that was attached to plastic undergravel plates.