I hope my comment on PDs was not taken as personally disparaging to yourself, because I am essentially indicting the system rather than the individuals.
And yes, your 2nd (middle) paragraph is exactly the impetus of my earlier "prison destined" mnemonic.
In fact, my frame of reference is indeed the poster child for all you mentioned; it was the largest court system in the world - until recently. The system I'm speaking of literally has all the problems you mentioned in spades, plus many more too. It is well known within the jurisdiction to not use a PD at all costs.
No worries.
I wouldn't be able to do a good job if I lived in most states. The articles I've read really are appalling, especially so at the trial level.
For example, there was this complicated SCOTUS case a few years back. I think it came out of Alabama. It was a murder case. The entirety of someone's life is on the line. The appointed defender:
- had no experience in criminal trials
- Was only allowed to bill $1,000. At 50 an hour that would be only 20 hours.
I can tell you that 20 hours will barely get you through the first full banker's box of discovery, and even then you aren't at the stage of assimilating it all in a cohesive picture. You're just trying to make a record of what's where so you can later pick the best prep strategy. I can't imagine that.
And on an appeal? 20 hours isn't enough to do a thorough read of the transcripts of most trials along with intermittent research to do issue spotting. 20 hours isn't even enough to bull**** an appeal. Hell, I've got oral argument tomorrow and today is 12h of prep.....for 15m of court time. I have to condense and memorize a snappy argument, then anticipate all likely questions, and keep memorizing until I'm able to jump from any point to any point in the argument, and to know every single relevant fact. I just spent the last hour tracing down a potential problem that occurred to me (and isn't a problem now, since I thankfully came up with a quick answer for the issue)
Truth be told, I usually don't bill for all my prep time since I think I tend to spend more on prep than other appointed attorneys. Yes, it's ultimately for the defendant, but it's also a point of personal pride. ie, I spent 14h on it yesterday, but that was also because I had a nasty cold this week - finally better today - and could still barely think straight yesterday. For some reason, even a basic cold wipes out my mental capacity. I can run, I can lift, but I can't think.
Back when I was at a firm, we usually did appeals. But we did do a murder trial. It took at least a year of intermittent research, investigation, retaining experts, etc. The attorneys actually appearing in court spent about a month of pretty intenstive prep. Trial took almost a month. The trial attorneys were in court 8h a day. The lead then prepped a good 6-8h/night. Another attorney and associate were on call until about 2am every day to deal with emergency research and motions for stuff that came up. It's a tremendous amount of work if you're going to do it properly.