The elephant in the room has been there since the beginning, our so called "War on Drugs" created this mess.
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Because of how we have tried to police this to date (which is basically control the Gulf of Mexico and try to control the border with Mexico) we have forced the flow of drugs up from South America through a choke point of Nicaragua, Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador (and others) on their way up through Mexico and ultimately into the US anyway.
Gangs in these nations have done what organized crime always does when something is illegal but has a demand, fulfill and control the supply. Which means violence and/or interaction with governments in Nicaragua, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, some in Costa Rica, some in Panama, plenty all over Mexico, in plenty of US cities coast to coast, etc.
The US is still the primary consumer of these drugs and as such there will be continued interest in trying to control the supply of those drugs until we wake up and realize that like so many times before we created our own fiasco. Our spending on the so called War on Drugs crosses swim lanes with our Foreign Aid policy to these very nations which crosses swim lanes with our military spending (the list goes on) all in a futile effort to deal with the economic and social implications of this stupid war not just here in the US but in nations all over the Americas.
So now we have an immigration mess from these very nations where local conditions in these nations have devolved to utter ****, and we wonder why we see all these implications.
The solution is obvious. Change the very reason why MS-13, Barrio 18, and so many others exist in the first place by ending this stupidity that has been going on since the 1970's that has seen no measurable success yet plenty of fall out impacting everything from local law enforcement to immigration to foreign policy to our own fiscal condition and to our own social and economic climate.
This was failed, what we see today is a direct cause of it.