That will require far more than a single post. And far longer than the few minutes left on my lunch break.
My suggestions for restructuring society and re-establishing democracy in our kleptocratic system will be presented over the course of my time here on DP, but they will address many of the deeper issues facing the United States, such as economic uncertainty, cultural isolation and social services. But these issues being addressed would greatly help reduce feelings of rage and fear among many. This would be an essential aspect of any comprehensive solution.
As for specific laws and practices regarding guns, I will share some of what I posted elsewhere for the sake of time.
We outlaw non-hunting long rifles and large capacity magazines. There should be few on the market. These are not useful for hunters, and should be illegal for hunting anyway. If you need 30 rounds to bag a buck, you suck at shooting and should give up.
Long-rifles should require hunting licenses or rifle permits.
Universal background checks, nation-wide, no matter the venue of sale.
Mental health screening before gun purchases, and after any domestic issues arise.
National gun registration, this would go hand-in-hand with licensing, so it's a bit redundant. I added it for clarity.
Limits on ammunition purchases. Again, you don't need an arsenal to kill a deer. If you do, you should give it up.
Students who are expelled from high schools for behavior reasons should not be allowed to have legal weapons until they pass an additional screening. I'm open to discussion as to what kind of screening.
Parents of students who are expelled for behavior reasons must surrender their weapons as well. If they want to keep their guns, they keep their kids in order. This addresses, in a reactionary way, some of the social implications and causes. Adam Lanza's family would have had to give up their guns prior to the shooting.
Limit the distribution and manufacture of non-hunting, non-defense weapons. Meaning long-rifles. Pistols I understand, even if I don't use them, as they are decent for conceal and carry. Long rifles are useless for it. Shotguns are the best weapon for home defense, and I use one for that purpose. Never had to break it out, but I have it, and it's ready if we need it.
Aggressively address mental health warning signs with treatment options, and prevent individuals with a history of violence (even juvenile violence) from purchasing weapons until they pass an additional behavior and mental health screening.
Anyone found to be using a weapon inappropriately, (i.e. shooting irresponsibly, poaching, shooting where illegal etc.) loses all gun ownership rights indefinitely. This is a zero tolerance issue for me.
I've always been a responsible owner, others should hold themselves to the same standard.
Fewer guns certainly won't mean more deaths.
I will return later today when I have time, but I have 4 classes to teach!