"As mentioned previously, the English have a remarkably low murder rate..."
National homicide rates are not that useful.
Neither are state homicide rates.
City homicide rates are far more useful--but even those can obscure reality as "bad areas" pull the statistical data on the rates up in a city and "good areas" pull the statistical data on the rates down in a city. Perhaps
most useful are any reliable data on
neighborhoods one can get. And in that case, you will find neighborhoods in the United States (usually white) that are as safe as the best neighborhoods in Canada and Europe, and neighborhoods that are some of the most violent and dangerous on the face of the planet (usually Black-American).
This is no different for Chicago for example. You have whole neighborhoods in Chicago with glass doors in both the back and front of the house (no security doors and no wooden doors, just top to bottom glass doors), made up of well-to-do Chicagoans that have attractive, safe, urban neighborhoods as anything you would find in the best parts of London or Berlin. But you have other neighborhoods in Chicago that would compete with Colombia and Brazilian slums for daily violence and residents living with PTSD.
Some years ago... after Rio de Janerio "pacified" the notorious Rio favela of "The City of God," radically dropping that favela's homicide rate, I was curious to find out how the Black-American middle-class Sherman Park neighborhood in Milwaukee faired against it in homicides per 100,000 people. I don't recall today exactly but I had the figures back then and I think the City of God had/has a massive population of roughly 100,000 people. Milwaukee's Sherman Park neighborhood has a population of roughly 30,000 people.
(albeit, the Sherman Park neighborhood is less uniformed probably than the sprawling City of God, and most of Sherman Park's violence and homicides are concentrated in a certain area of that neighborhood which makes certain parts of that neighborhood kind of safe and other parts kind of dangerous.)
I had at the time the homicide for each neighborhood, as the middle-class Sherman Park neighborhood made up part of the "murder triangle" of the city for that year.
It turned out that the Milwaukee's Sherman Park neighborhood--after I did the algebra--had a higher per capita (per 100,000 people) homicide rate for that year than Rio's notorious City of God favela.
Perhaps no surprise as the young Mexican men from Mexico on the South Side of Chicago I used to work with would express to me how violent and crazy they thought the black North Side of Milwaukee was.
Black-Americans are one of the most violent ethnic groups on the face of planet earth as of today. Probably not the most violent but I have no doubt among the most violent. And homicide problems in the United States are mostly driven by Black-Americans.
I suspect... most the culture of violence among brown and black peoples throughout all the countries of the Americas are rooted in some extent to the violence of former colonialism, slavery, and the racial caste system. That said... whether in Brazil or the USA the gun homicide rates across numerous cities skyrocketed in the 1980s with the crack cocaine wars. When the
gangs got involved in the crack cocaine business.
Yes... during the prohibition era there was an explosion of gun violence among white gangs. Like the Italian Chicago gangs under Al Capone who invented the drive-by shooting using the so-called "Chicago Typewriter."
But I'm recalling an long after that and before the crack wars when Black-American gangs primarily had fist fights and fights with baseball bats. Now, the problem is not so much gangs as those gangs made gun violence in black neighborhoods the cultural norm for most younger people to go to. Kind of like school shootings and work place shootings became "memes" among white Americans as ways to resolve problems.
While Republicans believe in economic "pull yourself up by your own bootstraps," Democrats believe in socio-moral "pull yourself up by your own bootstraps." Both are parties of idiots that doom their own nation. As they both give the middle finger to the "average" person and glorify the statistical outlier (lottery winner). Most people are not "pulling themselves up by their own bootstraps" in the midst of hell and chaos. Idiots.
Please cease making your arguments personal attacks.