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This article provides a useful flow chart of how the Mueller investigation could end. The only obviously dubious claim is that Mueller said he would abide by DOJ tradition and not indict the President. Maybe he said it; maybe he didn't. But the source for that claim is...get ready for it...Rudy Giuliani. So take that claim with a boulder-sized grain of salt.
The basic outcomes are...
1)Mueller determines no crimes were committed. No other significant outcome follows aside from the expectation that Rosenstein will present a report explaining the decision to end the investigaiton.
2)Mueller determines crimes were committed. Mueller's options:
a)Less aggressive: Leave the decision up to Congress, which has the power to impeach. Common wisdom says this will be the option he'll go with, though it should be remembered that nobody here has a straight line to Mueller's thinking.
b)The "Nixon Option": Ask a grand jury to deem Mr. Trump a co-conspirator and send a report to Congress. This would create increased political pressure and the expectation that Congress would act (though at this point it's perfectly reasonable to assume Congress wouldn't act anyway).
c)Most Aggressive: Indict the president. This does not involve the President literally getting arrested while he's having breakfast in the White House. This decision would immediately lead to chaos in the forms of trump firing everybody within a 500 mile radius, an attempt to pardon himself, and the indictment almost certainly being fought in the courts. If nothing else, the indictment prevents Trump from running out the statute of limitations so that when he finally leaves office he could be charged and tried in criminal court.
To clarify, the Constitution does not specifically prohibit a sitting President from being indicted. The rule against doing so is a legal tradition only, and there are competing legal opinions about whether one could in fact do so. It remains to this day an untested theory.
https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/05/23/us/politics/trump-mueller-russia.html
The article assumes that the Mueller investigation is not terminated early or derailed by a replacement Deputy Attorney General. The flow chart is a lot more detailed and specific than what I provided here, and reflects everything I've learned thus far about the mechanics of how the investigation would conclude.
The basic outcomes are...
1)Mueller determines no crimes were committed. No other significant outcome follows aside from the expectation that Rosenstein will present a report explaining the decision to end the investigaiton.
2)Mueller determines crimes were committed. Mueller's options:
a)Less aggressive: Leave the decision up to Congress, which has the power to impeach. Common wisdom says this will be the option he'll go with, though it should be remembered that nobody here has a straight line to Mueller's thinking.
b)The "Nixon Option": Ask a grand jury to deem Mr. Trump a co-conspirator and send a report to Congress. This would create increased political pressure and the expectation that Congress would act (though at this point it's perfectly reasonable to assume Congress wouldn't act anyway).
c)Most Aggressive: Indict the president. This does not involve the President literally getting arrested while he's having breakfast in the White House. This decision would immediately lead to chaos in the forms of trump firing everybody within a 500 mile radius, an attempt to pardon himself, and the indictment almost certainly being fought in the courts. If nothing else, the indictment prevents Trump from running out the statute of limitations so that when he finally leaves office he could be charged and tried in criminal court.
To clarify, the Constitution does not specifically prohibit a sitting President from being indicted. The rule against doing so is a legal tradition only, and there are competing legal opinions about whether one could in fact do so. It remains to this day an untested theory.
https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/05/23/us/politics/trump-mueller-russia.html
The article assumes that the Mueller investigation is not terminated early or derailed by a replacement Deputy Attorney General. The flow chart is a lot more detailed and specific than what I provided here, and reflects everything I've learned thus far about the mechanics of how the investigation would conclude.