(...) I’d want evidence that these borrowers do not deserve these loans you apparently say they should not be getting and how many there are of them (significance).
Here is a very simple way to understand the problem.
From the point of view of the bank, is it worth to lend you money so that you attend college, absent any guarantee or contribution made by the government? This determination is not carried out with the benefit of hindsight in the real world: the bank will use your credit history, your assets, and liabilities, as well as some projection of future cash flows. The idea is to determine how much of the loan and interest the bank can expect to get back. That's what the bank does before lending. However, we are even more informed than the bank because we can make an
ex-post evaluation based on how many people actually can be expected to pay back their loans.
But here is where it hurts: if you make the case that a sizable fraction of students are too indebted for the cash flows they can expect after graduation (or worse, after flunking out), you are making the case that those students made a
poor investment. If you want to stress the need for the government to solve the problem, you have to argue those loans were bad loans. The case for such policies is at its strongest if the loans were so bad that many would have chosen to go bankrupt if they could.
Because this is the cru of the problem: if the loans were generally good for the banks and the students, the government would have no need getting involved in any way; and if the funds were put to a smart use by students, they wouldn't have trouble paying them back. Regardless of what you think of Democrats, they are politically motivated to pick up causes when they touch many people. They wouldn't be talking about student debt if there were not hundreds of thousands of students in serious financial trouble after college. That is indirect evidence, but it's probably the best you will have because I don't know how you plan to get your hands on the private financial information of thousands of American citizens.
The tone used by aociswundumho was inappropriate, but he makes a fair point when he talks about a degree in "Lesbian Dance Theory." It is admittedly stylized, but if you're going to ask other people to bear part of the financial burden borne by students, they are entitled to ask why they should do it. If someone asked you to help a poor student who contracted $40 000 in debt and you learn it paid for a degree in ethnic studies, the first question you will be asking is what kind of job the student got out of it. It will quickly become manifest they spent 4 years and tens of thousands of dollars to finance their way to flip burgers at McDonald's. At that rate, they could have started McDonald's 4 years ago and they would be a manager now.
And that is a real problem. When you enroll for a degree, you should be aware of what you will get out of it. Women studies, gender studies, sociology, history, philosophy, etc. might be interesting at least to some people, but why do you need to spend so much for a paper which says you majored in one of these fields? I mean, you can take up the subjects on your own time, study them as optional courses, study them through online courses, or make it a minor part of your education. Those are all options that will not lead to your financial ruin. However, there is a problem here because I just got in the business of telling you what to do.
Another question here would concern
what are students told. Are people misleading students? It's one thing to be making bad decisions. It's another to realize you got scammed thereafter.