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The "bad teacher" bogeyman and its consequences

Boo Radley

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This powerful post by educator Anthony Cody takes a deep look at what he calls a "systemic" attack on teachers and public schools. Cody taught science for 18 years in inner-city Oakland and now works with a team of science teacher-coaches that supports novice teachers. He is a National Board-certified teacher and an active member of the Teacher Leaders Network. This post appeared on his Education Week Teacher blog, Living in Dialogue.


By Anthony Cody
In the narrative being driven by "education reformers," the "bad teacher" has emerged as the greatest threat to our future. This threat is being used to justify a wholesale attack on the teaching profession. With our rights and even the institution of public education in danger, why have teachers been so slow to respond?

(snip)

But our foes will never admit they are attacking us. They will smile in our faces, as Oprah did last fall, and sweetly reassure us that they LOVE good and great teachers. It is just the louses responsible for poor test scores that they despise.
One of the academic architects of many of these policies is the Hoover Institute's Eric Hanushek. Dr. Hanushek authored a rather discredited study in 1992 that purported to prove that class size was not a critical factor in student achievement. Recently Education Secretary Arne Duncan and Bill Gates have both given speeches suggesting that class sizes be increased to cut costs. More recently Dr. Hanushek has been focusing on teacher quality.
In his essay at Education Matters this month, Dr. Hanushek writes,
"This is not a war on teachers en masse. It is recognition of what every parent knows: Some teachers are exceptional, but a small number are dreadful. If that is the case, we should think of ways to change the balance."
Those of us who spent hundreds of hours documenting the effectiveness of our teaching to achieve National Board certification were apparently wasting our time. Hanushek does not need such overkill. Last February, he explained how we could tell good teachers from bad ones:
"Good teachers are ones who get large gains in student achievement for their classes; bad teachers are just the opposite," explained Hanushek, who said he uses a simple definition of teacher quality. Looking at data from a large, urban school district, he found that effective teachers at the top of the quality distribution got "an entire year's worth of additional learning out of their students, compared to those near the bottom."


(Snip)

Problem One: He assumes that test scores alone are an appropriate means of determining who the best teacher is.

(snip)

This is precisely the issue. Leaders like Hanushek systematically lead us away from real solutions that they have decided society is unwilling to contemplate. His views are guiding the education "reformers" - you will hear him cited by Bill Gates, Michelle Rhee and Arne Duncan. Reducing class size is too expensive. Likewise quality preschool, libraries, dental care, health care, nutrition, etc. They actively ignore the many things along these lines that their chosen role model, Finland, has done. Simply offer a bonus for higher test scores, fire the bottom five percent, and you have the perfect combination of carrot and stick. And vilify anyone, especially our teachers' unions, that say this is not the best way to improve our schools, by accusing them of protecting bad teachers.
A year from now, if we do not confront these attacks, our classes will overflow, our retirement funds will be decimated, and our due process rights removed. Our public schools will be de-funded, even as the billionaires funding "school reform" insist they are acting in the interests of the poor.
This is a fight for the future of education in America, and don't let anyone tell you otherwise.
The Answer Sheet - The "bad teacher" bogeyman and its consequences



I think he has a point or three. Look around. Class sizes are growing, the profession is going to have shortages, and there is an attack on teachers. Thoughts?




 
It is just the louses responsible for poor test scores that they despise.

Someone or something must be responsible for bad test scores. The issue is where to place the blame. Liberals, well, society for that matter, maintains a liberal creationist perspective and doesn't want to deal with racial differences in intelligence. If they don't want to assign cause to this factor then they have to find something else to be responsible. The next logical alternative is parenting. The optics here are all wrong - people assigned to teach children turning the blame on the parents who the failure of their children. No, that doesn't fly, though it's closer to the truth than the effort to blame teachers. Teachers are simply the next best target for blame.

I'm not saying that teachers are blameless, they do deserve plenty of blame for screwing up the process of teaching. Direct Instruction is a pedagogy that is far more successful than what is being put out by Education Faculties but teachers avoid it like the plague because it doesn't fit with the narrative that they've constructed about what being a teacher means.
 
Liberals, well, society for that matter, maintains a liberal creationist perspective

Still waiting for you to tell us all about "liberal creationism." I think it's only fair, because otherwise you're saying society as a whole believes something without knowing what that is, and may only exist in your mind.
 
Someone or something must be responsible for bad test scores. The issue is where to place the blame. Liberals, well, society for that matter, maintains a liberal creationist perspective and doesn't want to deal with racial differences in intelligence. If they don't want to assign cause to this factor then they have to find something else to be responsible. The next logical alternative is parenting. The optics here are all wrong - people assigned to teach children turning the blame on the parents who the failure of their children. No, that doesn't fly, though it's closer to the truth than the effort to blame teachers. Teachers are simply the next best target for blame.

I'm not saying that teachers are blameless, they do deserve plenty of blame for screwing up the process of teaching. Direct Instruction is a pedagogy that is far more successful than what is being put out by Education Faculties but teachers avoid it like the plague because it doesn't fit with the narrative that they've constructed about what being a teacher means.

Well, as for responsibility, there are plenty who factually and actually do hold responsibility. They include: the student, the parents, the envirnoment; the community; the teacher and the school.

As for differenc ein intelligence, and I have read you on this in other threads and have not pointed out to you the flaw in intelligence testing, or that being gentic can be separate from race, is gentics play a role within a race. But, that I think is another argument and one that shold be travelled a lot more thoughtfully than we tend to see on these types of boards.

I think all of your choices are too simplistic. Blame for such a complex problem is seledom only in one place. Any effort at reform must really seek to address multiple areas. And accept a certain amount of inability to control all factors, meaning we can't really achieve 100% sucess rate, though trying is good. We must also know that testing teachers means testing teachers and not students. To test students, we test students and not teachers. We have to work to involve parents and get them as partners, and we have to make environments and communities safe and condusive for learning, and work to make society value education and not demean it at every trun.

There is a lot of work to do, but it does require we see it clearly and work on all facits and not simpley seek a scape goat.
 
I think all of your choices are too simplistic. Blame for such a complex problem is seledom only in one place. Any effort at reform must really seek to address multiple areas.

Here's what I meant above. If we dispassionately allocate blame to various factors, something like this:

A% + B% +C% +D% +E% +F% = 100%

but then we disqualify for sensitivity reasons 3 of the 6 factors, then their influence on outcomes must be shifted to the remaining factors such that they appear to be more blameworthy than they actually are. Teachers are one of those factors that are "safe" to blame. Teachers certainly deserve their fair share of blame but what they're actually getting is MOST of the blame for failed outcomes. That's not right. They're being scapegoated.

Now they must either fight back by pointing out ALL of the factors and noting that they are really only partly to blame or if they wish to remain silent then they can stay the punching bag.
 
Here's what I meant above. If we dispassionately allocate blame to various factors, something like this:

A% + B% +C% +D% +E% +F% = 100%

but then we disqualify for sensitivity reasons 3 of the 6 factors, then their influence on outcomes must be shifted to the remaining factors such that they appear to be more blameworthy than they actually are. Teachers are one of those factors that are "safe" to blame. Teachers certainly deserve their fair share of blame but what they're actually getting is MOST of the blame for failed outcomes. That's not right. They're being scapegoated.

Now they must either fight back by pointing out ALL of the factors and noting that they are really only partly to blame or if they wish to remain silent then they can stay the punching bag.

I understand what you're saying, but don't accpt your intelligence argument. The vast majority of students are capable. I don't have to be at the top of the intellectual food chain to have reasonable intelligence and meet a reasonable standard. In fact, many less intelligent people, compared to absolute intellectual superpeople, function quite well. So, we can include the student in the blame without suggesting they are too stupid to reach reasonable standards.

So, for many reasons, I don't buy your argument. I would buy it more if you simply said they need an easy scape goat, and for a lot of reasons blaming teachers are much easier to blame then ourselves.
 
The vast majority of students are capable. I don't have to be at the top of the intellectual food chain to have reasonable intelligence and meet a reasonable standard.

I agree, mostly. The basic high school curriculum is masterable for probably 80%-90% of the student population. The basic curriculum, not the whole curriculum.

The idiocy of NCLB is that is sets a standard of 100% proficiency except for those students who are mentally disabled in one form or another. This standard can never be met.

In fact, many less intelligent people, compared to absolute intellectual superpeople, function quite well. So, we can include the student in the blame without suggesting they are too stupid to reach reasonable standards.

I'm most certainly including the student. They play a far larger role in influencing negative performance outcomes than the teacher.

So, for many reasons, I don't buy your argument. I would buy it more if you simply said they need an easy scape goat, and for a lot of reasons blaming teachers are much easier to blame then ourselves.

What do you think I've been saying when I write:


Teachers are one of those factors that are "safe" to blame. Teachers certainly deserve their fair share of blame but what they're actually getting is MOST of the blame for failed outcomes. That's not right. They're being scapegoated.​
 
I heard this recently and found it true. "Teachers of none of the authority and all of the responsibility." I also heard, "Those who can teach, teach. Those who can't write laws about it."
 
Someone or something must be responsible for bad test scores. The issue is where to place the blame. Liberals, well, society for that matter, maintains a liberal creationist perspective and doesn't want to deal with racial differences in intelligence. If they don't want to assign cause to this factor then they have to find something else to be responsible. The next logical alternative is parenting. The optics here are all wrong - people assigned to teach children turning the blame on the parents who the failure of their children. No, that doesn't fly, though it's closer to the truth than the effort to blame teachers. Teachers are simply the next best target for blame.

I'm not saying that teachers are blameless, they do deserve plenty of blame for screwing up the process of teaching. Direct Instruction is a pedagogy that is far more successful than what is being put out by Education Faculties but teachers avoid it like the plague because it doesn't fit with the narrative that they've constructed about what being a teacher means.

teaching is not all about test scores. No child left behind is all testing and scoring, but I have never met a teacher who thinks that's a good policy. Teachers are strictly teaching kids how to pass tests now, which isn't really the same as learning or even encouraging well rounded curriculum. Testing doesn't teach kids critical thinking or research skills, nor does it help children realize their strengths. As long as a kid does good enough on a test, that's ok and acceptable now.
 
I agree, mostly. The basic high school curriculum is masterable for probably 80%-90% of the student population. The basic curriculum, not the whole curriculum.

The idiocy of NCLB is that is sets a standard of 100% proficiency except for those students who are mentally disabled in one form or another. This standard can never be met.



I'm most certainly including the student. They play a far larger role in influencing negative performance outcomes than the teacher.



What do you think I've been saying when I write:


Teachers are one of those factors that are "safe" to blame. Teachers certainly deserve their fair share of blame but what they're actually getting is MOST of the blame for failed outcomes. That's not right. They're being scapegoated.​

It is the way in which you invoke the student that comes into dispute. The mentally disabled are not what is meant by "deal with racial differences in intelligence."

Otherwise we agree.
 
This powerful post by educator Anthony Cody takes a deep look at what he calls a "systemic" attack on teachers and public schools. Cody taught science for 18 years in inner-city Oakland and now works with a team of science teacher-coaches that supports novice teachers. He is a National Board-certified teacher and an active member of the Teacher Leaders Network. This post appeared on his Education Week Teacher blog, Living in Dialogue.


By Anthony Cody
In the narrative being driven by "education reformers," the "bad teacher" has emerged as the greatest threat to our future. This threat is being used to justify a wholesale attack on the teaching profession. With our rights and even the institution of public education in danger, why have teachers been so slow to respond?

(snip)

But our foes will never admit they are attacking us. They will smile in our faces, as Oprah did last fall, and sweetly reassure us that they LOVE good and great teachers. It is just the louses responsible for poor test scores that they despise.
One of the academic architects of many of these policies is the Hoover Institute's Eric Hanushek. Dr. Hanushek authored a rather discredited study in 1992 that purported to prove that class size was not a critical factor in student achievement. Recently Education Secretary Arne Duncan and Bill Gates have both given speeches suggesting that class sizes be increased to cut costs. More recently Dr. Hanushek has been focusing on teacher quality.
In his essay at Education Matters this month, Dr. Hanushek writes,
"This is not a war on teachers en masse. It is recognition of what every parent knows: Some teachers are exceptional, but a small number are dreadful. If that is the case, we should think of ways to change the balance."
Those of us who spent hundreds of hours documenting the effectiveness of our teaching to achieve National Board certification were apparently wasting our time. Hanushek does not need such overkill. Last February, he explained how we could tell good teachers from bad ones:
"Good teachers are ones who get large gains in student achievement for their classes; bad teachers are just the opposite," explained Hanushek, who said he uses a simple definition of teacher quality. Looking at data from a large, urban school district, he found that effective teachers at the top of the quality distribution got "an entire year's worth of additional learning out of their students, compared to those near the bottom."


(Snip)

Problem One: He assumes that test scores alone are an appropriate means of determining who the best teacher is.

(snip)

This is precisely the issue. Leaders like Hanushek systematically lead us away from real solutions that they have decided society is unwilling to contemplate. His views are guiding the education "reformers" - you will hear him cited by Bill Gates, Michelle Rhee and Arne Duncan. Reducing class size is too expensive. Likewise quality preschool, libraries, dental care, health care, nutrition, etc. They actively ignore the many things along these lines that their chosen role model, Finland, has done. Simply offer a bonus for higher test scores, fire the bottom five percent, and you have the perfect combination of carrot and stick. And vilify anyone, especially our teachers' unions, that say this is not the best way to improve our schools, by accusing them of protecting bad teachers.
A year from now, if we do not confront these attacks, our classes will overflow, our retirement funds will be decimated, and our due process rights removed. Our public schools will be de-funded, even as the billionaires funding "school reform" insist they are acting in the interests of the poor.
This is a fight for the future of education in America, and don't let anyone tell you otherwise.
The Answer Sheet - The "bad teacher" bogeyman and its consequences



I think he has a point or three. Look around. Class sizes are growing, the profession is going to have shortages, and there is an attack on teachers. Thoughts?





I think he has some great points. I just saw a thread titled, "education is failing america," and I thought... no it's not. Education didn't fail me. I learned how to read and write in public schools. I learned a lot of fundamental skills in public schools, and what I didn't learn and what I failed to learn was the result of my own ****ing attitude as a kid and not wanting to learn. I don't think our education system is as much as bad teacher/good teacher thing, as it is an issue with American culture. A lot of other cultures expect their kids to be studious and successful, and they expect their kids to study hard and pass all their tests. In American we treat failure and lack of self disciple like it's some kind of freedom. Our government even values cutting costs over investing in education. American culture really doesn't have a problem with ignorance, and Americans are viewed as being pretty stupid and ignorant by the rest of the world. Our kids are falling behind internationally, and instead of discussing how to get students to apply themselves, we are having a discussion about firing more and more teachers and packing kind into less classrooms. This is insane.
 
I think he has some great points. I just saw a thread titled, "education is failing america," and I thought... no it's not. Education didn't fail me. I learned how to read and write in public schools. I learned a lot of fundamental skills in public schools, and what I didn't learn and what I failed to learn was the result of my own ****ing attitude as a kid and not wanting to learn. I don't think our education system is as much as bad teacher/good teacher thing, as it is an issue with American culture. A lot of other cultures expect their kids to be studious and successful, and they expect their kids to study hard and pass all their tests. In American we treat failure and lack of self disciple like it's some kind of freedom. Our government even values cutting costs over investing in education. American culture really doesn't have a problem with ignorance, and Americans are viewed as being pretty stupid and ignorant by the rest of the world. Our kids are falling behind internationally, and instead of discussing how to get students to apply themselves, we are having a discussion about firing more and more teachers and packing kind into less classrooms. This is insane.

I think you make a valid point.
 
teaching is not all about test scores. No child left behind is all testing and scoring, but I have never met a teacher who thinks that's a good policy. Teachers are strictly teaching kids how to pass tests now, which isn't really the same as learning or even encouraging well rounded curriculum. Testing doesn't teach kids critical thinking or research skills, nor does it help children realize their strengths. As long as a kid does good enough on a test, that's ok and acceptable now.

Restricting the conversation to the issue of teaching methods affecting student outcomes, teachers have had a century, at least, to improve the processes of their methodology. Ever since the 30s and accelerating since the 70s, the processes have resulted in worse outcomes. NCLB, flawed as it is with the premises it was established upon, is a RESPONSE to the failures of teachers to improve their own profession. We had plenty of real-life experience with teachers controlling the process and it sucked BIG TIME. NCLB is a far better process than what it replaced. I don't have any sympathy for teacher complaints about test-centered teaching. They had a century of control during which time they could have produced a more effective teaching pedagogy and they blew the opportunity by pushing a whole bunch of leftist fads which failed time and time again and were replaced with ever newer leftist fads.
 
Restricting the conversation to the issue of teaching methods affecting student outcomes, teachers have had a century, at least, to improve the processes of their methodology. Ever since the 30s and accelerating since the 70s, the processes have resulted in worse outcomes. NCLB, flawed as it is with the premises it was established upon, is a RESPONSE to the failures of teachers to improve their own profession. We had plenty of real-life experience with teachers controlling the process and it sucked BIG TIME. NCLB is a far better process than what it replaced. I don't have any sympathy for teacher complaints about test-centered teaching. They had a century of control during which time they could have produced a more effective teaching pedagogy and they blew the opportunity by pushing a whole bunch of leftist fads which failed time and time again and were replaced with ever newer leftist fads.

I don't believe that's true. Seriously. teachers work at this often, and it is constantly changing, as we always seek the best methods.
 
Restricting the conversation to the issue of teaching methods affecting student outcomes, teachers have had a century, at least, to improve the processes of their methodology. Ever since the 30s and accelerating since the 70s, the processes have resulted in worse outcomes. NCLB, flawed as it is with the premises it was established upon, is a RESPONSE to the failures of teachers to improve their own profession. We had plenty of real-life experience with teachers controlling the process and it sucked BIG TIME. NCLB is a far better process than what it replaced. I don't have any sympathy for teacher complaints about test-centered teaching. They had a century of control during which time they could have produced a more effective teaching pedagogy and they blew the opportunity by pushing a whole bunch of leftist fads which failed time and time again and were replaced with ever newer leftist fads.

My niece goes to a public school and she gets good grades, because her parents make her study and do her homework. They don't let her play Playstation or with her Ipod until her homework is done. They also do her class projects with her.

I went to some really bad inner city schools in my life, and I can tell you, as bad as those ****ing schools were... there were still students making it on the honor roll and the dean's list. I wasn't one of them, because I couldn't study or focus on my studies in that kind of environment. The fact is, some kid's learn differently than others and some kids can thrive where others typically can't. Those are not factors of good teacher/bad teacher, that's on the student themselves.

Watching the government attack teachers is simply scapegoating, and an excuse to slash their budgets and bust their ****ing unions. That's all.
 
Overall the situation isn't as bad as some paint it. We have far more problems with how students and parents view education than anything else.
 
It is the way in which you invoke the student that comes into dispute. The mentally disabled are not what is meant by "deal with racial differences in intelligence."

Otherwise we agree.

If I want to argue that minority students are mentally disabled, then that's what I'll write. When I don't write that then you can be assured that this is not what I'm saying. When I say that there are students in classes who are mentally disabled in some way, I am talking about students who have medically diagnosed learning problem and mild forms of mental disability. There are provisions within NCLB to deal with such students. The problem with NCLB is that apart from these students it expects 100% proficiency from all the remaining students. I'm saying that this goal will never be reached. There will always be some students who are just not mentally capable of achieving proficiency, no matter what.
 
If I want to argue that minority students are mentally disabled, then that's what I'll write. When I don't write that then you can be assured that this is not what I'm saying. When I say that there are students in classes who are mentally disabled in some way, I am talking about students who have medically diagnosed learning problem and mild forms of mental disability. There are provisions within NCLB to deal with such students. The problem with NCLB is that apart from these students it expects 100% proficiency from all the remaining students. I'm saying that this goal will never be reached. There will always be some students who are just not mentally capable of achieving proficiency, no matter what.

I think you linked the two comments and not me. But it was the original comment that I disputed.

And yes, we agree that the goal can never be reached. But that's not what I dispute with you.
 
Overall the situation isn't as bad as some paint it. We have far more problems with how students and parents view education than anything else.

Agreed. It's like when Michelle Obama proposed the Get Moving Program, all these idiots reacted like... OMG, eating McDonald's is a freedom and a right, this is big government run a muck. Don't tell how to feed my kids.

Is there any evidence that the admin has outlawed or regulated McDonald's out of business? Hell no.

People in this country would rather defend lack of self disciple, irresponsibility, and harmful choices as a freedom instead of as a problem. The government doesn't have to outlaw anything. Children in Asia don't go to jail if they don't study, but the children still take education seriously.
 
Overall the situation isn't as bad as some paint it. We have far more problems with how students and parents view education than anything else.

This. What the anti-teacher crowd doesn't understand is that education is a shared responsibility--shared among the parents, the teachers, the principals, the staff, society as a whole, and the children themselves. They blindly believe that if they just get the "right" teachers in there, all the problems will be magically solved.
 
...Testing doesn't teach kids critical thinking or research skills, nor does it help children realize their strengths. As long as a kid does good enough on a test, that's ok and acceptable now.

OK, I'll buy that. But whats a better way for teaching kids? If we weren't teaching for tests, how would teaching methods change? And if we weren't testing, how could we ever evaluate which methods are successful?

Also, has it ever occured to anyone that some of these tests actually are designed to test critical thinking skills? Like when students are asked to read something and then to draw a conclusion based upon what they read?
 
OK, I'll buy that. But whats a better way for teaching kids? If we weren't teaching for tests, how would teaching methods change? And if we weren't testing, how could we ever evaluate which methods are successful?

Also, has it ever occured to anyone that some of these tests actually are designed to test critical thinking skills? Like when students are asked to read something and then to draw a conclusion based upon what they read?
The tests aren't really designed for that. Multiple choice tests test rote learning, not much more. If not so worried about tests, teachers would have the freedom to do more projects and student led learning which is where critical thinking takes place.
 
The tests aren't really designed for that. Multiple choice tests test rote learning, not much more. If not so worried about tests, teachers would have the freedom to do more projects and student led learning which is where critical thinking takes place.

Exactly.

There's a place for rote learning, rote memory. But we have to go beyond that as well. If all the high stakes is on only rote learning, the more important critical element gets short changed, and that does not benefit children.
 
I'd say that the vast majority of teachers are good. Or at least capable. There is a problem just like with doctors and police officers where it's near impossible to get rid of the bad ones.
 
OK, I'll buy that. But whats a better way for teaching kids? If we weren't teaching for tests, how would teaching methods change? And if we weren't testing, how could we ever evaluate which methods are successful?

Question. Are you seriously suggesting that standardized testing is the only way that can bring about changes in teaching methods?

Also, has it ever occured to anyone that some of these tests actually are designed to test critical thinking skills? Like when students are asked to read something and then to draw a conclusion based upon what they read?

Why do you think that the SAT added the paragraph writing section several years ago?
 
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