http://www.doctorsonfetalpain.com/
Medscape: Medscape Access
From the preface of "New Insights into Prenatal Stress: Immediate-and Long-Term Effects on the Fetus and Their Timing,"
KJ O'Donnell, N Reissland, V Glover - Neonatal Pain, 2017 - Springer
A long line research has shown how, from the first moment onwards in that process of perfectly coordinated development that characterizes the life of the embryo, a human being gradually emerges who is increasingly able to interact with his or her environment. Despite neurosensory immaturity, some unsuspected perceptive abilities have been found in the fetus, particularly in regard to the perception of pain, which can be also deeper in the following phases of development, that is, in the child once it has been born. However, the large amount of scientific evidence attesting to the fact that the fetus can already feel pain around halfway through the pregnancy have not been welcomed by the international scientific community; in fact, very varying positions are recorded, with inevitable consequences at both the clinical and the ethical level.
The issue of fetal pain is one of the so-called border subjects, which go well over the positive data of the experimental study to involve the minds and consciences of those contemplating it, arousing opposing reactions and discordant opinions. In the political arena too, the issue of fetal pain has been enlisted on one side or the other or given rise to controversies, as has been recently seen in USA. If the scientific data are accompanied with resistance and interpretation, it is evident, in some cases, that people will select their data depending on which way they want to argue, in favour of a particular thesis.
Nonpharmacological_Treatment_of_Neonatal_Pain.pdf
[PDF]researchgate.net
One frequently cited article is L. Giuntini & G. Amato, Analgesic Procedures in Newborns., in
NEONATAL PAIN 73 (Giuseppe Buonocore & Carlo V. Bellieni ed., 2007).
If anesthesia is routinely administered during prenatal surgeries, why?
