Mark Steyn has an excellent description of the basic competition at play: A young man in India gets' up at 0530 to go to school for engineering for 6 hours and then goes to work for another 4 hours making iPods that will be bought by a young man in America who gets up at 0930 to go to school for General Studies for 4 hours and then goes to a frat party. That's a balance of power that will only last for so long.
In many countries, parents and students do everything possible to obtain the rare slots for education and particularly higher education. In the USA, many teachers do contortions to try to get students to like them so maybe, just maybe, their students might actually do and turn in simplistic homework. Americans tend to believe they are owed a job and have no concept that life is a competition, including economic and jobs.
Our daughter is one of the exceptions and she just went to her first year of college at a higher end pretigious private university. She has told us almost shocked at how many students were completely indifferent to being there for an education. It was just party time away from home and most searching for the easiest classes possible.
We had taught her the importance of education for education's sake but also to build her resume' beyond just education - for which hers is diverse and impressive. Although she has a full scholarship and money saved (because we required she work after school in HS and save at least 50%), when she went to the job fair - about 1000 students at it, she was the ONLY female dressed in a professional business woman's suit, neatly laundered - and with her awesome experience resume. ALL other female students were wearing cutoff shorts or jeans and T-Shirts. Few came away with job offers. She had nearly 2 dozen and half of those had actually searched her out - then seeing her and speaking with her told her the job was hers if she would accept - even jobs normally only offered to grad students.
Yet she did not immediately say yes. Instead, she spoke with us, considered her schedule, her private life, how it would enhance or hurt her resume', and how it would fit with her other job she already had obtained. Although NO economic study history, a Fortune 500 investment firm offered her a job as being their young presenter in their presentations to prospective clients - due to her impressive resume that included speaking experience from young children to college professors - and of course she had dressed perfectly. She figures adding experience of being a spokesperson for a financial firm would add to her science, academic, environmental, and employment resume.
The intensity of focus of Chinese and Indian students is so great that many universities make their admissions standards - even if AMERICAN of Asian ancestry - as much as 50% higher.
SO... we need to explore how American Asian ethnic families raise their children to try to figure why they are being FAR more successful in relation to their children and education - and ultimately future career potential.
PS... very early on, nearly anytime we were in a store, gas station, Wal-Mart or restaurant, when this daughter was younger - we would point towards the cashier, server, stockperson etc and ask her if that is what she wanted to do as a adult, because most people end up there. When she said no, we'd say "then lets work more on figuring how you can best avoid such a life."
I truly believe few American parents are training their children how to succeed economically in life and instilling the right habits to do so.