
Originally Posted by
Pinkie
I'm not sure. "Facts" are certainly always welcome in state legal proceedings, and some "facts" are religious in nature. For example, whether a baby was baptized as a Catholic may have some bearing if one litigant presses the other in a divorce to raise the kids in that faith. Whether a dead person had the presence of mind to request the Last Rites might be some evidence of his or her competence in a will contest. Etc. I have no doubt, Sharia Law touches on such matters as births and deaths, and in that way, could enter the courtroom.
OTOH, if parents from "the old country" (and there are many all over Planet Earth) sought to annul a daughter's marriage against her will because they had not chosen her spouse for her, I doubt such a case would ever get heard in any state court in the US.
Catholic religious law, which is the only one I know much about, has no provision in it for any sort of arbitration. But Jewish and Islamic laws both do. If you and I are both devote Jews who enter a contract and agree within it to have any disputes heard before rabbis rather than a state court judge, can you enforce that against me?
I don't know. If we'd agreed to civil arbitration, that would be enforcable. My guess is sometimes yes, sometimes no....a heavy showing that such a proceeding would be so grossly unfair to me as to offend justice might allow me to escape into state court. Say, if you were a multimillionaire who was building a new temple and I was already embroiled in a separate dispute with the rabbis.
The only place in the world I know where someone might could provide some ideas is Israel, where it is becoming more common to litigate (so to speak) who is and is not a Jew. Among other rights, any Jew anywhere has a "right of return", meaning that Israel must allow that person to emigrate there...so it's not simply "religious" rights that can be affected.
In the US, I think the bottom line is that certain facts about the litigants' religious beliefs have always been admissable. If one or more such litigants were Islamic, Sharia Law would be of as much (or as little) evidentiary value as the facts of any other religious person's life have always been.
But certainly no moreso.