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Read the question, answer it, and give your reasons.
Article 11 of the Treaty of Tripoli, ratified by a UNANIMOUS Senate vote on June 17th, 1797, and signed by President John Adams on June 10th, 1797.
Not to mention, the majority of colonists in America weren't Bible-thumpers, but rather those of the Enlightenment movement. Deists, not theists.
Article 11 of the Treaty of Tripoli, ratified by a UNANIMOUS Senate vote on June 17th, 1797, and signed by President John Adams on June 10th, 1797.
Not to mention, the majority of colonists in America weren't Bible-thumpers, but rather those of the Enlightenment movement. Deists, not theists.
In the name of the most holy and individed Trinity.
Forgot about that one.
Good call.
Wrong. Not in the original text of the treaty. It was totally made up by the American negotiator who submitted the treaty to the Senate. Besides, that treaty was completely broken by the Bey of Tripoli just a few years later, and contradicts the first ten words of the 1783 Treaty of Paris.
proof?
Even so, you cannot deny the other comments against it being the foundation of America.
The eleventh article of the Barlow translation has no equivalent whatever in the Arabic. The Arabic text opposite that article is a letter from Hassan Pasha of Algiers to Yussuf Pasha of Tripoli. The letter gives notice of the treaty of peace concluded with the Americans and recommends its observation.
The translation of the Treaty of Tripoli by Barlow has been found faulty, and there is doubt whether Article 11 in the version of the treaty ratified by Congress corresponds to anything of the same purport in the Arabic version.[18]
In 1931 Hunter Miller completed a commission by the United States government to analyze United States's treaties and to explain how they function and what they mean in terms of the United States's legal position in relationship with the rest of the world.[19] According to Hunter Miller's notes, "the Barlow translation is at best a poor attempt at a paraphrase or summary of the sense of the Arabic" and "Article 11... does not exist at all."[15]
"The Barlow translation is at best a poor attempt at a paraphrase or summary of the sense of the Arabic . . . . Most extraordinary (and wholly unexplained) is the fact that Article 11 of the Barlow translation, with its famous phrase, ‘the government of the United States of America is not in any sense founded on the Christian Religion,’ does not exist at all [in the Arabic]. There is no Article 11 [in the Arabic]. The Arabic text which is between Articles 10 and 12 is in form a letter, crude and flamboyant and withal quite unimportant, from the Dey of Algiers to the Pasha of Tripoli. How that script came to be written and to be regarded, as in the Barlow translation, as Article 11 of the treaty as there written, is a mystery and seemingly must remain so. Nothing in the diplomatic correspondence of the time throws any light whatever on the point."
Article 11 was NOT in the Arabic version, which is authoritative.
However, there is the 1783 Treaty of Paris. A far MORE important document relating to the founding of the United States
The very first ten words of the treaty that established the independence of the colonies from England.
Yes, but the Barlow version (the translated one) was the text that was presented to Congress under the Presidency of George Washington, ratified by Congress, and signed by the new President John Adams.
That version was the one presented to both Barbary and the United States.
Doesn't matter. When there is a lingustic problem due to translation, the original language of the treaty (in this case Arabic) governs the treaty if there is no provision specifying which language is authoritative.
Was the United States founded on Christian principles?
The treaty that was signed and read aloud to the entirety of Congress was the Arabic translation. Do you ratify and sign something that has terms or text you do not agree with? The entire Senate was unanimous on this ratifying it, one of only three times the Senate has been unanimous on anything.
And who is to say the Arabic version does not have Article XI in it?
A lot of people say that there is no Article XI in the original Arabic.
When there is a treaty, the original version is what is being voted on, NOT the translation.
Think about this. Let's say there is a treaty betwen the US and France up for a vote. It was written in French, but translated into English and has a clause noting that French is the authoritative language of the treaty. The Senate will be reading the English version. What are they voting on, the English version or the French? The answer is the French because if there is an alleged violation of the treaty, it will be the French version of the treaty that will be used to determine the nature of the violation.
The Journal of the Executive Proceedings of the United States Senate clearly specifies that the treaty was read aloud on the floor of the Senate and that copies of the treaty were printed "for the use of the Senate." Nor is it plausible to argue that perhaps Senators voted for the treaty without being aware of the famous words. The treaty was quite short, requiring only two or three pages to reprint in most treaty books today--and printed, in its entirely, on but one page (sometimes the front page) of U.S. newspapers of the day. The lack of any recorded argument about the wording, as well as the unanimous vote and the and the wide reprinting of the words in the press of 1797, suggests that the idea that the government was not a Christian one was widely and easily accepted at the time.
Very much so. When the United States was founded I do not think that Christian principals were quite understood the way when understand them today and also they had to deal with much more hardships.Read the question, answer it, and give your reasons.
Very much so. When the United States was founded I do not think that Christian principals were quite understood the way when understand them today and also they had to deal with much more hardships.
What are these principles that are exclusively Christian?
The USA was not founded on Christian principles. Most of the people of the USA were basically christians of one type or another, but the USA was created by the Constitution. If there was no Constitution, there would be no USA.
We would probably be a small bunch of Nation states created by the seperate13 colonies of the USA. With a long history of fighting each other. We are a nation founded on Laws and bonded by the Bill Of Rights. Now we can belong to any religion we choose and we can choose not to believe in God if we choose. This stuff was
Weeks before the Constitutional Convention convened in 1787 Congress adopted the Northwest Ordinance, which stated: “Religion, morality, and knowledge being necessary to good government and the happiness of mankind, schools and the means of education shall forever be encouraged.” These words were reenacted by the First Congress under the Constitution and made it clear that the Founders found the propagation of “religion” and “morality” to of such importance that they should the primary purpose of schooling in the United States. The Northwest Ordinance is considered part of America’s “Organic Law” and is second only to the Declaration of Independence in its importance as a legal document. It requires Christianity to be taught by the newly-admitted states in their schools. Language from the Ordinance is found in state constitutions for the next 100 years.debated hotly at the Constitutional Convention.
Constitutional Topic: The Constitutional Convention - The U.S. Constitution Online - USConstitution.net
"the constitutional convention" - Google Search
During the colonial times each colony was a seperate government and not bonded to its neighbor. Great Britain tied the colonies together in a loose federation, under the leadership and the protection of the Crown.
Many colonies had forms of freedom of choice in religion, but not all. For instance, Virginia had a state sponsored religion, based on the Church Of England. There were many types of church organizations in the colonies, from Quackers to Catholics.
The freedom of Religion Clause gave us an end religious strife, and domination by one church. We can be a member of any church that we choose. Legally there is no one Correct church. We were spared much of the religious strife that happened in Europe during 17 and 18th centuries.
God Bless America, God Bless our wonderful Constitution and our country.
May the lord bless us and protect us.
These things I ask in the name of Jesus Christ. AMEN