German guy
DP Veteran
- Joined
- Jun 9, 2010
- Messages
- 5,187
- Reaction score
- 4,255
- Location
- Berlin, Germany
- Gender
- Male
- Political Leaning
- Moderate
Most members here are American, and I am German. Our two countries are allies, in organizations such as NATO and sharing the same fondness for the ideas of freedom, constitutional and republican government.
But after several years of discussing politics with Americans, I've realized that certain ideas about concepts like "freedom", "democracy" and "government" that seem to be widespread in America differ from my understanding of these ideas, and I consider many of my ideas more or less mainstream in Germany (although I could be wrong, of course).
I'd like to know your opinion on these differences. I don't want to argue one of these views is right and the other is wrong, because I believe both views have their merits, although I feel more familiar with my ideas, of course.
Which differences do I mean?
When Americans say "freedom", many apparently mean "freedom from the government" with strong emphasis on economic freedom -- the way free markets distribute wealth is not questioned, but even considered an ideal, totally just system, because "everybody enjoys the fruits of his work". There is no such thing as a "common welfare" or "public interests", no such thing as society (as Margaret Thatcher once said), but "only individuals". This goes so far that any government regulation or action is questioned and considered a necessary evil at best. "Democracy" has a bad name among many Americans, because democracy allegedly is "tyranny of the majority". Some don't even make a difference between democratic or autocratic government and consider both equally bad -- only a tiny government is a good government, no matter which character it has. The people, the individuals have the right to defend themselves against government with firearms and topple their government if it gets too big. And many simplify their view: Every advocacy of government intervention is labelled "left wing socialism", while only free market radicalism is "right freedom". Some even call taxes "theft".
Now my experience in Germany is different. For me, and I believe for today's German mainstream, the crucial question is not how big government is, but how democratic and constitutional it is. "Democracy" is a word with an extremely positive connotation in my ear. And I don't believe either that a distribution of wealth created by free markets is fair, but that big business will enslave the people just as much as big government, if it's not checked -- private actors are not better than democratic government, but usually even much, much worse, because they don't enjoy democratic legitimation and are basically "little dictatorships within the democratic state". Actors with much money always have more power than actors with few money, and this is not okay, because humans are all worth the same and accordingly all should have the same voice in all issues that concern them. Only democracy can make sure this is the case. And the idea that there is no "common good/welfare" or "society" sounds totally absurd to me, because we are not individuals living on abandoned isles -- no, we have a responsibility, because our actions will always affect our fellow citizens.
I don't believe in a kind of "leave me the **** alone-freedom" either, but I believe basic constitutional values such as inviolability of the person, the right on free speech and gathering, the right to choose the representatives in free elections, the right on a fair trial and the right on dignity -- those are the true basic values I believe in.
Probably this is due to different historical experiences. Here in Germany today, we are still totally obsessed with the Nazis' rise to power and our intention to learn from it. And the bad thing about the Nazis was not that they created welfare nets, health care or anything of that kind -- no, the problem was that they destroyed the constitution, trampled on its values, abolished democracy and a free legal system and then abused this power to enslave the entire people and murder a significant portion of it. The problem was that inviolability of the person, freedom of speech, democratic elections and fair trials were no longer guaranteed.
The idea that firearms in the population could have prevented Hitler's rise to power sounds totally absurd to me: If more people had had guns in Weimar, they would have used them to even more effectively destroy the democratic-republican government -- the problem was that way too few people believed in constitutional values and democracy. A majority hated the republic, supporting either right-wing monarchist or Nazi ideas, or communist ideas on the left. The German people back then could not be trusted, and the fathers of the 1949 constitution didn't trust their people either -- and I am still not inclined to trust my own people today. Maybe we are freedom-loving democrats as long as the economy is doing well, but if and when there is a crisis, I am not going to bet that we remain this way.
What does that mean? In Germany's history, it was ironically not the people that fought for freedom, but it was government that defended freedom from the authoritarian mob: The 1848 revolution for a republican state failed. 1918 it succeeded, but Weimar soon failed because the constitutional-democratic government was not strong enough to defend itself against the mob that hated it. In West-Germany after 1949, a majority of the people still didn't believe in democratic values and freedom for one or two decades, but would have supported any demagogue -- the new republican government supported by a new constitution defended freedom against the people (with strict anti-Nazi hate speech laws -- 5 years in prison for Holocaust denial, for example -- and the legal option to ban anti-constitutional parties and organizations).
Also, it often were private actors on the market that enslaved and abused the people over here, not government: Think of the situation of 19th century workers to get an idea. They and their children had to work up to 16 hours per day, without days off, without labor safety regulations, without any right on pensions, and -- worst of all -- no prospect of ever climbing the social ladder. That's why we know private actors can be just as tyrannic, if not more so, than government, and private actors often are the much bigger threat for individual freedom.
That's why a simple anti-government rhetoric is not common in Germany -- most of us don't fear the state. What we do fear, though, is a state that attempts to violation the constitution and its values, one that abandons democracy in favor of autocracy: Whenever the government issues a law that proposes wiretapping, military expenditures, internet censorship or the like -- you can count on many Germans crying bloody murder, much like Americans do when taxes are raised. We're so sensitive on these issues that not few believed the Fourth Reich is about to start, when Bush introduced the Patriot Act in America, his policy of extralegal renditions and anti-terror war -- denying mere suspects the right on fair trials, locking them away for years, although many of them are probably innocent -- WTF?! That's Nazi stuff!!!
On the other side, we don't do much more than grumbling a little when taxes are raised, even when they reach more than 50% of our income. Annoying? Sure ... but hey, it's for a good cause, and the day we are unlucky, we'll profit from that money ourselves, thanks to the social nets. Taxes are stealing? Ah shut the **** up, you egoistic asshole. There is not just you in this country, understood?
Also, I often feel offended when certain Americans are way too quick when labeling certain policies "socialism" or "tyranny": WE know what real socialism is. We had that in East Germany from 1949 to 1990: No right on privacy, no right on democratic participation, no freedom of speech or religion, a police force that was above the law and a legal system in the pockets of big government, ****ty material situation. So don't tell me that a thing that actually helps people to gain more freedom -- a public health care system, i.e. -- anyhow resembles that kind of real socialism! And on the other side, you look away when your government can kidnap suspects from the street and make them disappear, without any court ever being able to rule about them, is "necessary in the war on terror"... now maybe "fascism" is not a appropriate label for such kind of blatantly anti-constitutional policy, just as bad as the label "socialism" for public welfare, but it's the first thing that comes to my mind.
What do you think? Do you understand where I am coming from?
But after several years of discussing politics with Americans, I've realized that certain ideas about concepts like "freedom", "democracy" and "government" that seem to be widespread in America differ from my understanding of these ideas, and I consider many of my ideas more or less mainstream in Germany (although I could be wrong, of course).
I'd like to know your opinion on these differences. I don't want to argue one of these views is right and the other is wrong, because I believe both views have their merits, although I feel more familiar with my ideas, of course.
Which differences do I mean?
When Americans say "freedom", many apparently mean "freedom from the government" with strong emphasis on economic freedom -- the way free markets distribute wealth is not questioned, but even considered an ideal, totally just system, because "everybody enjoys the fruits of his work". There is no such thing as a "common welfare" or "public interests", no such thing as society (as Margaret Thatcher once said), but "only individuals". This goes so far that any government regulation or action is questioned and considered a necessary evil at best. "Democracy" has a bad name among many Americans, because democracy allegedly is "tyranny of the majority". Some don't even make a difference between democratic or autocratic government and consider both equally bad -- only a tiny government is a good government, no matter which character it has. The people, the individuals have the right to defend themselves against government with firearms and topple their government if it gets too big. And many simplify their view: Every advocacy of government intervention is labelled "left wing socialism", while only free market radicalism is "right freedom". Some even call taxes "theft".
Now my experience in Germany is different. For me, and I believe for today's German mainstream, the crucial question is not how big government is, but how democratic and constitutional it is. "Democracy" is a word with an extremely positive connotation in my ear. And I don't believe either that a distribution of wealth created by free markets is fair, but that big business will enslave the people just as much as big government, if it's not checked -- private actors are not better than democratic government, but usually even much, much worse, because they don't enjoy democratic legitimation and are basically "little dictatorships within the democratic state". Actors with much money always have more power than actors with few money, and this is not okay, because humans are all worth the same and accordingly all should have the same voice in all issues that concern them. Only democracy can make sure this is the case. And the idea that there is no "common good/welfare" or "society" sounds totally absurd to me, because we are not individuals living on abandoned isles -- no, we have a responsibility, because our actions will always affect our fellow citizens.
I don't believe in a kind of "leave me the **** alone-freedom" either, but I believe basic constitutional values such as inviolability of the person, the right on free speech and gathering, the right to choose the representatives in free elections, the right on a fair trial and the right on dignity -- those are the true basic values I believe in.
Probably this is due to different historical experiences. Here in Germany today, we are still totally obsessed with the Nazis' rise to power and our intention to learn from it. And the bad thing about the Nazis was not that they created welfare nets, health care or anything of that kind -- no, the problem was that they destroyed the constitution, trampled on its values, abolished democracy and a free legal system and then abused this power to enslave the entire people and murder a significant portion of it. The problem was that inviolability of the person, freedom of speech, democratic elections and fair trials were no longer guaranteed.
The idea that firearms in the population could have prevented Hitler's rise to power sounds totally absurd to me: If more people had had guns in Weimar, they would have used them to even more effectively destroy the democratic-republican government -- the problem was that way too few people believed in constitutional values and democracy. A majority hated the republic, supporting either right-wing monarchist or Nazi ideas, or communist ideas on the left. The German people back then could not be trusted, and the fathers of the 1949 constitution didn't trust their people either -- and I am still not inclined to trust my own people today. Maybe we are freedom-loving democrats as long as the economy is doing well, but if and when there is a crisis, I am not going to bet that we remain this way.
What does that mean? In Germany's history, it was ironically not the people that fought for freedom, but it was government that defended freedom from the authoritarian mob: The 1848 revolution for a republican state failed. 1918 it succeeded, but Weimar soon failed because the constitutional-democratic government was not strong enough to defend itself against the mob that hated it. In West-Germany after 1949, a majority of the people still didn't believe in democratic values and freedom for one or two decades, but would have supported any demagogue -- the new republican government supported by a new constitution defended freedom against the people (with strict anti-Nazi hate speech laws -- 5 years in prison for Holocaust denial, for example -- and the legal option to ban anti-constitutional parties and organizations).
Also, it often were private actors on the market that enslaved and abused the people over here, not government: Think of the situation of 19th century workers to get an idea. They and their children had to work up to 16 hours per day, without days off, without labor safety regulations, without any right on pensions, and -- worst of all -- no prospect of ever climbing the social ladder. That's why we know private actors can be just as tyrannic, if not more so, than government, and private actors often are the much bigger threat for individual freedom.
That's why a simple anti-government rhetoric is not common in Germany -- most of us don't fear the state. What we do fear, though, is a state that attempts to violation the constitution and its values, one that abandons democracy in favor of autocracy: Whenever the government issues a law that proposes wiretapping, military expenditures, internet censorship or the like -- you can count on many Germans crying bloody murder, much like Americans do when taxes are raised. We're so sensitive on these issues that not few believed the Fourth Reich is about to start, when Bush introduced the Patriot Act in America, his policy of extralegal renditions and anti-terror war -- denying mere suspects the right on fair trials, locking them away for years, although many of them are probably innocent -- WTF?! That's Nazi stuff!!!
On the other side, we don't do much more than grumbling a little when taxes are raised, even when they reach more than 50% of our income. Annoying? Sure ... but hey, it's for a good cause, and the day we are unlucky, we'll profit from that money ourselves, thanks to the social nets. Taxes are stealing? Ah shut the **** up, you egoistic asshole. There is not just you in this country, understood?
Also, I often feel offended when certain Americans are way too quick when labeling certain policies "socialism" or "tyranny": WE know what real socialism is. We had that in East Germany from 1949 to 1990: No right on privacy, no right on democratic participation, no freedom of speech or religion, a police force that was above the law and a legal system in the pockets of big government, ****ty material situation. So don't tell me that a thing that actually helps people to gain more freedom -- a public health care system, i.e. -- anyhow resembles that kind of real socialism! And on the other side, you look away when your government can kidnap suspects from the street and make them disappear, without any court ever being able to rule about them, is "necessary in the war on terror"... now maybe "fascism" is not a appropriate label for such kind of blatantly anti-constitutional policy, just as bad as the label "socialism" for public welfare, but it's the first thing that comes to my mind.
What do you think? Do you understand where I am coming from?
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