Heya SAM :2wave: .....thanks for the info. Feel free to expound on what you like. Especially if you think there are safety concerns people should know of. As always, your thoughts are appreciated.
Don't buy the overpriced crap at the convenience stores and tobacco outlets. I'm switching soon myself...
Ok, here we go. Be warned. This is so massive it required 2 posts. But if you're thinking of getting into e-cigarettes, you owe it to yourself to read it.
Before I start, remember the circumstances under which I left? Yeah. So I am going to have to avoid implicating specific businesses or people. I'm sorry; I can't give you any further direction than I am below. My recommendation is to check out e-cig spots online and KEEP YOUR HEAD ON STRAIGHT. Keep in mind most of them are being blind-sided by these things.
Don't take this onto the forums and debate them. You will not win, and you'll be branded as a troll. Just keep it in your head as you look at your options.
I'm gonna break this into a few parts. Chinese "cig-a-like" e-cigarettes, atomizers/cartomizers/tanks, mods, juice, regulation and harm reduction methods including alternatives.
Alright.
Cig-a-likes. These are the ones most people start with. Some of them, like Blu, are over-priced junk that don't even work right. Some of them, like 510's and Kr808's are actually reasonably function.
But they're all made in China.
This is also where almost all atomizers, tanks, and cartomizers come from, as well as eGo's and their look-a-likes. Specifically, most are made in Shenzhen.
90% of the time you hear of a dangerous product that's being recalled or has hurt someone, guess where it came from? Shenzhen. This place is notorious for rock-bottom, no-oversight manufacturing.
Now, the anatomy of a cig-a-like. The long part is the battery. Yes, they are failure-prone. DOA's are extremely common.
And that is the absolute LEAST of your concerns. Of more concern is what goes on that battery.
Atomizers/cartomizers/tanks.
Atomizers first.
Atomizers are basically a metal coil wrapped in filament with a mesh bridge over the top, designed to soak up juice from the mouthpiece you put on top of it. You are literally breathing fumes off of hot metal and some kind of filler material.
The coil is made of nichrome. Nichrome has never been proven safe to inhale from in the first place, but if you add in unpredictable manufacturing and possible break-down (and there is -- lots of DOA's here too), the risk compounds.
Cartomizers. Oh, man, these are bad.
Similar concept to the atomizers, but the filler that holds the juice is wrapped AROUND the heating coil. Yes, really.
Manufactures swear up and down it's engineered not to burn, but that is COMPLETE bull****. I have a picture somewhere of one of these coils actually lighting on fire. I have helped dozens of people take apart their cartomizers, only to reveal scorched filler, made of some mystery substance. And they were inhaling that.
Even with cautious refilling technique, cartomizers WILL burn. Do not use them.
Tanks. These are literally receptacles into which you pour juice. They have some kind of wick that draws down the juice to the coil, and it's supposed to be a great solution to all-day vaping without bringing juice.
Multiple problems with these. One is just plain crappy manufacturing. Even 6 or 7 generations in, if you got a pack of 5, at least 2 of them just wouldn't work well enough to use. Around gen 3, they actually sent extra wicking material in the box. So that YOU could fix their broken product. They knowingly shipped broken product.
The second problem, again, is materials. These things always smell like some kind of noxious glue out of the box. What is it? Good luck finding a straight answer, but do you want to breath it into your lungs?
Mods.
These are e-cigarettes that look like some kind of crazy machine. Generally, they have removable recharging batteries. Some go up to higher voltages. For comparison, your average cig-a-like is between 3.2 and 3.7 volts. Some mods go as high as 6 volts. Often, this is achieved by battery stacking. These can be made anywhere -- they're usually a small businesses people run from their homes.
Some mods are extremely well made. Others are very badly made. Right now, there is a recall going on, because apparently a business shipped a bunch of dangerous mods. I will leave you to your Googling to find specifics.
Here's what you need to know about mods in a nutshell, in order for you to be at all qualified to purchase them, because the fact is, a lot of these businesses won't tell you what best practice is and
there have been cases where people have had mods blow up in their face, causing serious injury.
- You need to understand battery venting, and your mod needs to have something that allows it.
- You need to understand amperage, volts, and protected vs. unprotected batteries.
- You need to understand the risks of stacking and higher voltage.
- And you need to understand the chemistry of juice. Which brings me to...
JUICE. IF YOU READ NOTHING ELSE, READ THIS.
Where do I even start? *sigh*
I'll start with just where it comes from. The cheapest juice is made in China, usually called Dekang, and usually comes with a cig-a-like, though you can also buy bottles online. Composition varies considerably from batch to batch. Processing methods are basically unknown. All kinds of people report strange smells and reactions. I wouldn't touch it. In fact, even when I was neck deep in the industry, I never did.
Other juices come from small businesses scattered around the world. There's lots in America. Most of these people are complete amateurs with no background in chemical safety. Many of them are making this stuff in their basement. I know. I've been to their shops.
Ok. Composition of juice. Generally, it is nicotine, flavoring (usually just bakery flavoring), and propylene glycol (PG) and/or vegetable glycerin (VG).
Sounds simple, right? Hold your horses.
We're gonna hit these one at a time, because this **** gets really complicated really fast.
Nicotine first. Some people buy this to make their own juice. You buy it diluted to some degree in PG and/or VG, with strength given in milligrams.
Nicotine is very dangerous, even diluted. Keep it out of reach of children and pets. Do not buy 100mg nicotine juice unless you REALLY KNOW WHAT YOU'RE DOING.
So where does this nicotine come from? Well, I can tell you where people are
told it comes from. Various reliable pharmaceutical companies and other consumer corporations.
But based on my experience, which I'll share in a moment, I think they're either lying, or they're paying bottom dollar for left-overs.
I was once at a business when they received a shipment of nicotine juice (100mg, used to dilute, being prepared by people who have no idea about chemical safety and probably barely passed high school math).
The moment they opened the bottles, the entire room stank. It was giving the workers headaches. I had to leave the room. I begged the owner to shut down shop and wait for the next supply.
They didn't listen. Apparently they started getting tons of complaints about people experiencing stomach problems and nausea when they used the juice.
They did not recall it. They said it was "in their heads." And let me tell you right now, that is absolute bull****. That juice was rotten. And they didn't care enough to do the right thing.
This is not the first time something like this has happened. It happened many times at different companies while I was in the loop.
Keep in mind, this is a luxury "American-made" juice company.
So where does nicotine come from? I ain't gonna lie. I don't know, because I don't buy their story for a minute.
I'm going to go to PG and VG now, because flavoring is the most complicated part of all this.
So, PG and VG. Are they safe?
PG is
probably safe. It is used as a carrier in asthma medications and fog machines. PG has been inhaled for decades with no observed serious effects, but it does make some people's throat scratchy, and others are allergic to it. It kicks strong, but it has piddly vapor production compared to...
VG. Is VG safe to inhale? We really don't know. It's thicker and it softens the hit considerably, but produces TONS of vapor. Some people report problems with phlegm and coughing when using VG.
Ok. Flavoring. Oh my god, where to even begin...
"Flavoring" sounds simple enough, but in every flavor are a hundred different ingredients. So when you read "flavoring" on the bottle, that tells you NOTHING.
First of all, these flavorings weren't made to inhale. They were made for food. They have never been comprehensively tested for inhalation safety. A lot of people experience issues with flavoring, and I did as well.
The use of these flavorings is completely careless on the part of the e-cig industry. And do you want to know exactly how careless it is?
A while ago, it was discovered that a lot of these flavorings contain ingredients that are known to cause severe lung damage. Even more severe than smoking. These chemicals were responsible for "popcorn lung" in factories. "Popcorn lung" is a degenerative lung disease that strikes fast -- sometimes the damage is done within 6 months -- and causes extreme lung impairment and death.
How did suppliers react?
Some pulled flavorings with this additive. Some said people were getting worked up over nothing because the concentration was low. Others lied to their customers about whether their juices had it.
But even if they had all pulled it immediately, here's my question for you.
Every flavoring has about a billion different ingredients in it. E-cigs didn't hit this country until 2006. And it took us about 5 years to figure out just ONE ingredient, and realize it's dangerous.
How long is it going to take for us to find another one, and are you willing to put your lungs at risk while you wait?
Suppliers are keeping these things secret on purpose. Some of them actually have been doing testing, but more often than not, it doesn't work in their favor. So they simply never release the data.
And they can get away with that because...
Regulations
There are none.
I have literally stood there while an inspector for OSHA checked out a juice making operation, and the dude couldn't have been more incompetent if you put a bag over his head.
Because they don't know what they're looking for.
There are no official guidelines for e-cigarette and juice safety. There's no boxes to tick, no tests to run, so basically, they just walk in there, see if it looks clean, and if it does, they shrug their shoulders and say "looks good."
There is absolutely
no regulation in the e-cigarette world.
At this point, I want you to scan this entire post again. Notice that I spend most of it talking about small businesses selling "luxury" products, not cheap Chinese crap. These companies are ignorant of their own industry, and some of them will outright lie to you. If that is how bad the best companies are, imagine how bad the rest must be.
To be continued -- HARM REDUCTION AND ALTERNATIVES